A Review of the Stable Isotope Bio-geochemistry of the Global Silicon Cycle and Its Associated Trace Elements

Sutton, Jill; André, Luc; Cardinal, Damien; Conley, Daniel J.; Souza, Gregory F. de; Dean, Jonathan R.; Dodd, J. P.; Ehlert, Claudia; Ellwood, Michael J.; Frings, Patrick J.; Grasse, Patricia; Hendry, Katharine R.; Leng, Melanie J.; Michalopoulos, Panagiotis; Panizzo, Virginia N.; Swann, George E. A.

doi:10.3389/feart.2017.00112

Cited by 91 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 301 publications

(446 reference statements)

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“…It is interesting to note that the direction of PETM radiolarian δ 30 Si change is opposite to that observed for biogenic silica records spanning the last deglacial period (Frings et al, 2016; Sutton et al, 2018). The two periods are comparable in magnitude and rate, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…several degrees of global warming over several millennia. Yet a compilation of deglacial data from diatoms, radiolarians, and sponges suggests an average rate of change of +0.04‰ ka −1 (Sutton et al, 2018). Given the difficulties involved in defining precise age models for older sediments, a rate of change at the PETM is harder to calculate, but the direction is opposite in sign.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constraints on Earth System Functioning at the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum From the Marine Silicon Cycle

Fontorbe

Frings

Rocha³

et al. 2020

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ca. 56 Ma) is marked by a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE) and increased global temperatures. The CIE is thought to result from the release of 13 C-depleted carbon, although the source(s) of carbon and triggers for its release, its rate of release, and the mechanisms by which the Earth system recovered are all debated. Many of the proposed mechanisms for the onset and recovery phases of the PETM make testable predictions about the marine silica cycle, making silicon isotope records a promising tool to address open questions about the PETM. We analyzed silicon isotope ratios (δ 30 Si) in radiolarian tests and sponge spicules from the Western North Atlantic (ODP Site 1051) across the PETM. Radiolarian δ 30 Si decreases by 0.6‰ from a background of 1‰ coeval with the CIE, while sponge δ 30 Si remains consistent at 0.2‰. Using a box model to test the Si cycle response to various scenarios, we find the data are best explained by a weak silicate weathering feedback, implying the recovery was mostly driven by nondiatom organic carbon burial, the other major long-term carbon sink. We find no resolvable evidence for a volcanic trigger for carbon release, or for a change in regional oceanography. Better understanding of radiolarian Si isotope fractionation and more Si isotope records spanning the PETM are needed to confirm the global validity of these conclusions, but they highlight how the coupling between the silica and carbon cycles can be exploited to yield insight into the functioning of the Earth system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on Earth System Functioning at the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum From the Marine Silicon Cycle

Fontorbe

Frings

Rocha³

et al. 2020

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

Self Cite

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“…There has been substantial application of Si isotopes in understanding global Si biogeochemistry and rates of Si incorporation, and a recent review (Sutton et al ) has compiled much of this literature for both marine and freshwater systems. The natural isotopes of Si are 28 Si, at 92.23%, 29 Si at 4.67%, and 30 Si at 3.10%; 30 Si is the most commonly used and reported isotope.…”

Section: A Deeper Dive: Insights From Classic To Cutting‐edge Isotopementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Si assimilation by organisms leaves behind a pool of dissolved Si that is enriched. Most freshwater studies have shown that dissolved δ 30 Si values are generally derived from chemical weathering and secondary mineral formation, with seasonal biomineralization processes, mainly the uptake of DSi by diatoms, adding a secondary signal (Sutton et al and references therein). This general pattern has been shown, for example, for the Nile River (Cockerton et al ), the Yangtze River, where uptake by wetland grasses and rice paddies contribute seasonally (Ding et al ), rivers in Switzerland (Georg et al ), and in Kenya (Hughes et al ).…”

Section: A Deeper Dive: Insights From Classic To Cutting‐edge Isotopementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distributions of δ 30 Si in marine waters are similarly driven, with active fractionation by diatoms in surface waters being the dominant process in oligotrophic waters. Consequently, productive upwelling systems have among the most highly fractionated δ 30 Si values reported (Reynolds ; Sutton et al ).…”

Section: A Deeper Dive: Insights From Classic To Cutting‐edge Isotopementioning

confidence: 99%

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Stable isotope tracers: Enriching our perspectives and questions on sources, fates, rates, and pathways of major elements in aquatic systems

Glibert

Middelburg

McClelland

et al. 2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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Stable isotope applications have evolved from simple characterizations of isotope composition in organisms and organic matter, to highly complex methodologies on scales ranging from individual compounds and cells, to broad ecosystem-level approaches. New techniques are rapidly evolving, allowing novel, difficult, and inconvenient questions to be addressed. This article aims to provide an overarching perspective on how the field has evolved and where it is going with regard to aquatic systems, some of the oceanographic and limnological concepts derived from these approaches, and important challenges. To this end, we highlight a selection of natural abundance and tracer enrichment studies that represent a wide range of stable isotope applications. These include studies of rate processes and biogeochemical cycling, source tracking, food webs, and paleoenvironments. Our coverage of stable isotope applications is by no means complete, but by highlighting a mixture of classic and new applications across a wide range of research areas, our goal is to convey the power of stable isotope tools and the excitement in this rapidly expanding field, while also encouraging the scrutiny and healthy respect for limitations and assumptions necessary to take full advantage of these powerful tools. Basic principlesKinetic isotope effects underlie many of the differences in stable isotope ratios that we observe among ecosystem

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Steps of Silicic Acid Transformation to Siliceous Frustules: Main Hypotheses and Discoveries

Annenkov¹,

Danilovtseva²,

Gordon³

2021

Diatom Morphogenesis

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A Review of the Stable Isotope Bio-geochemistry of the Global Silicon Cycle and Its Associated Trace Elements

Cited by 91 publications

References 301 publications

Constraints on Earth System Functioning at the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum From the Marine Silicon Cycle

Constraints on Earth System Functioning at the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum From the Marine Silicon Cycle

Stable isotope tracers: Enriching our perspectives and questions on sources, fates, rates, and pathways of major elements in aquatic systems

Steps of Silicic Acid Transformation to Siliceous Frustules: Main Hypotheses and Discoveries

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