A review of the tachinid parasitoids (Diptera: Tachinidae) of Nearctic Choristoneura species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), with keys to adults and puparia

O’Hara, James E.

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.938.1.1

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…3). Second, the most common parasitoid species parasitise all of the budworm species considered here (Huber et al 1996;O'Hara 2005;Bennett 2008;Fernández-Triana and Huber 2010) and several are true generalists, attacking other Lepidoptera hosts. The generalist characteristic of the parasitoid fauna attacking budworms has led to the notion that most parasitoids in budworm outbreaks are opportunistic (Eveleigh et al 2007) and have a limited ability to respond numerically to increases in budworm abundance because of their reliance on alternative hosts to satisfy their seasonal life history requirements (Miller 1963;Blais 1965b;Sanders 1991).…”

Section: Top-down: the Influence Of Natural Enemiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative ecology of conifer-feeding spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Nealis

2015

Can Entomol

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Abstract-The comparative ecology of conifer-feeding budworms in the genus Choristoneura Lederer (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Canada is reviewed with emphasis on publications since 1980. Systematics and life history are updated and historical outbreak patterns and their current interpretation summarised. Recent evidence is analysed in the context of ecological interactions among three trophic levels; host plant, budworm herbivore, and natural enemies. The influence of weather and climate are viewed as modulating factors. The population behaviour of budworms is interpreted as the result of tri-trophic interactions that vary at different scales. The result of these multi-scale interactions is that despite shared phylogenetic constraints and common adaptations, different budworm species display different population behaviour because of specific ecological relationships with their respective hosts and natural enemies.

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Section: Top-down: the Influence Of Natural Enemiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative ecology of conifer-feeding spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Nealis

2015

Can Entomol

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“…This study showed that prediction of oviparous attack biology of female N. pyste based on congeneric species was correct (O'Hara 2005). Attachment of unembryonated eggs to host cuticle in the manner of the Winthemiini has long been considered to be an ancestral trait in the Tachinidae (Herting 1960(Herting ,1984Wood 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…However, attack behavior and biology has not been described for their Nearctic counterparts N. erecta and N. pyste (O'Hara 2005). In this article, aspects of the reproductive biology of N. erecta and N. pyste that were acquired through the rearing of these species in the laboratory are described.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coquillett {=Nilea erecta) (Baker et al 1949, O'Hara 2005. N. maculosa and N.floraUs are virtually identical in appearance (Herting 1960), and they closely resemble N. pyste in appearance and habit.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unclear whether any of these imported tachinids established in North America, but the legacy of the O. nubilalis biocontrol program seems to be multiple records of N. pyste reared from Choristoneura spp. that were misidentified as either N. floralis or N. maculosa (O'Hara 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Attack Biology and Egg Maturation Strategy of Two Tachinid Parasitoids of Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Pests in Tree Fruit

Wiman

Jones

2013

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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Reproductive biology, including mode of attack and egg maturation, has not been described for the leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) parasitoids Neinorilla pyste (Coquillett) and Nilea erecta (Walker) (Diptera: Tachinidae). Mode of host attack is an important character for understanding evolutionary relationships in Tachinidae, and is an important consideration for biological control. In parasitic Hymenoptera, egg maturation strategy is predictive of many life-history variables, but these predictions have not been tested in other parasitoid groups. In this article, observations on the mode of attack of N. erecta and N. pyste that were acquired through the rearing of these species in the laboratory are described. The study also used dissections to examine internal reproductive physiology and obtain fecundity data for flies of different ages. Fecundity data from the dissections and from cage experiments were used to estimate the ovigeny index of the two species. N. pyste was found to be a highly synovigenic oviparous species, whereas N. erecta was found to be moderately synovigenic and ovolarviparous. Life-history associations of hymenopteran parasitoids with egg maturation strategy appeared not to apply to these tachinids.

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Spatiotemporal variation in drivers of parasitoid metacommunity structure in continuous forest landscapes

et al. 2018

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Although landscape spatial structure is known to influence spatial patterns of biodiversity, its effect on insect communities at higher trophic levels such as parasitoids remains poorly understood. This is particularly true in continuously distributed forests in which it can be difficult to identify clear boundaries among habitat patches. Using the metacommunity framework, we evaluate the relative importance of forest landscape structure, non‐environmental spatial structure, and host outbreak status to spatial and within‐season temporal variation in parasitoid communities. We used variation partitioning and metacommunity structure analyses to identify (1) the drivers of the metacommunity structure of parasitoids associated with the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana), and (2) how their relative influence varies through a season. We used a multi‐scale perspective to summarize landscape heterogeneity in regions of increasing size around the community sampling locations. Spruce budworm larvae and pupae were sampled during three periods during the summer 2014 in 18 locations within continuous forest landscapes in Quebec, Canada. Thirty‐two parasitoid wasp and fly species were recorded, 16 of which were found at more than one location. We found that the mechanisms shaping metacommunity structure changed over the course of a single season and that community structure varied among sites. At early and late periods in the season, we found that non‐environmental structure, forest structure, and likely inter‐specific competition were the main mechanisms influencing spatial variation in community structure. These results suggest a competition–dispersal trade‐off. In contrast, at the middle period of the season, environmental filtering by forest structure and stochastic events were found to influence community structure. This period corresponds to the transition between early and late parasitoid communities. Our findings on the role of environmental filtering and forest structure support the idea that forest manipulations have the potential to influence parasitoid populations and hence spruce budworm outbreak dynamics as hypothesized by the “enemies hypothesis.” Moreover, our study highlights the value of considering a multi‐scale approach and temporal variability of species interactions when characterizing the multiple processes shaping spatial metacommunity structure, particularly in continuous environments.

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A review of the tachinid parasitoids (Diptera: Tachinidae) of Nearctic Choristoneura species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), with keys to adults and puparia

Cited by 28 publications

References 90 publications

Comparative ecology of conifer-feeding spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Comparative ecology of conifer-feeding spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Attack Biology and Egg Maturation Strategy of Two Tachinid Parasitoids of Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Pests in Tree Fruit

Spatiotemporal variation in drivers of parasitoid metacommunity structure in continuous forest landscapes

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