A review of therapeutic angiogenesis and consideration of its potential applications to plastic and reconstructive surgery

O’Toole, Greg; Mackenzie, Duncan N.; Mf, Buckley; Lindeman, Robert; Poole, Michael D.

doi:10.1054/bjps.2000.3454

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This phenomenon may occur because prolonged ischemia can open choke vessels and increase angiogenesis 28 . In this way, ischemia itself could be beneficial to flap surgery by increasing angiogenesis 29 . We confirmed that more perfusion occurred in the ischemia-PRP group at the end of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Skin Flap Mouse Model

Rah¹,

Min²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Background: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a leading cause of surgical skin flap compromise and organ dysfunction. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an abundant reserve of various growth factors. Activated platelets play a role in endothelial damage during I/R injury; however, exogenous PRP could inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of PRP on I/R injury. Methods: Four groups (n=30) of C57BL/6N mice with lateral thoracic artery island flaps were used. Group A, the control group, received flap elevation and repositioning. Group B received PRP and repositioning. Group C had 4 hours of ischemia and then were reperfused. Group D received PRP, had 4 hours of ischemia, and then were reperfused. The survival area of flap tissue and blood perfusion were assessed. Histological evaluation included neutrophil counts. Reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines were measured to evaluate I/R injury. Protein expression of phosphorylated apoptosis signaling regulating kinase-1 (pASK-1), p38MAPK, and pNF-κB was measured by western blot. Results: PRP treatment enhanced the survival area and perfusion of the flap, reduced neutrophil accumulation in mice subjected to I/R injury. PRP treatment also showed a protective effect, with decreases in nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde concentrations. Additionally, PRP suppresses monocyte chemotactic protein-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Finally, PRP decreased ASK-1 and NF-κB expression in tissues with I/R injury. Conclusion: PRP acts as a protective factor during flap I/R injury by reducing reactive oxygen species level and proinflammatory cytokines via decreased expression of pASK-1 and pNF-κB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Skin Flap Mouse Model

Rah¹,

Min²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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“…New molecular biological insights offer possibilities for a better understanding of flap survival and necrosis. Surgical delay, which enhances flap viability, is an effective technique often used for this purpose [10]. However, this approach has the disadvantage of involving a two-stage procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Aminoguanidine on Skin Flap Survival in Diabetic Rats

Öztürk

Fırat

Parlakpınar

et al. 2012

Experimental Diabetes Research

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Random flaps in DM patients have poor reliability for wound coverage, and flap loss remains a complex challenge. The protective effects of aminoguanidine (AG) administration on the survival of dorsal random flaps and oxidative stress were studied in diabetic rats. Two months after the onset of DM, dorsal McFarlane flaps were raised. Forty rats were divided into four groups: (1) control, (2) AG, (3) DM, and (4) DM + AG groups. Flap viability, determined with the planimetric method, and free-radical measurements were investigated. In addition, HbA1c and blood glucose levels, body weight measurements, and histopathological examinations were evaluated. The mean flap necrotic areas (%) in Groups I to IV were 50.9 ± 13.0, 32.9 ± 12.5, 65.2 ± 11.5, and 43.5 ± 14.7, respectively. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were higher in the DM group than in the nondiabetic group, while the reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were reduced as a result of flap injury. In the diabetic and nondiabetic groups, AG administration significantly reduced the MDA and NO levels and significantly increased GSH content and SOD enzyme activity. We concluded that AG plays an important role in preventing random pattern flap necrosis.

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“…Hydroxymethyl compounds were also studied as angiogenesis promoters, which may act in the treatment of diseases involved with lack of blood flow, such as Buerger’s disease or arteriosclerosis. Angiogenesis is a pathway for generating new capillaries from pre-existing vessels, which is important for physiological and pathological processes, such as wound healing, tumor growth, and metastasis ( Bobek et al, 2006 ; Collinson and Donnelly, 2004 ; O´Toole et al, 2001 ). Considering this effect, Tsukamoto et al, (2010a ) reported the first angiogenesis promoter of low molecular weight, a soluble and stable hydroxymethyl derivative, named 2-chloro-carbocyclic oxetanocin A (COA-Cl - 49 ) which induces the phosphorylation and activation of MAPK, responsible for inducing angiogenesis and tube formation ( Tsukamoto et al, 2010b ; Sakakibara et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Analog Design Effects Of Hydroxymethylation On Drug/bioactiv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug/Lead Compound Hydroxymethylation as a Simple Approach to Enhance Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Properties

et al. 2022

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Hydroxymethylation is a simple chemical reaction, in which the introduction of the hydroxymethyl group can lead to physical–chemical property changes and offer several therapeutic advantages, contributing to the improved biological activity of drugs. There are many examples in the literature of the pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic benefits, which the hydroxymethyl group can confer to drugs, prodrugs, drug metabolites, and other therapeutic compounds. It is worth noting that this group can enhance the drug’s interaction with the active site, and it can be employed as an intermediary in synthesizing other therapeutic agents. In addition, the hydroxymethyl derivative can result in more active compounds than the parent drug as well as increase the water solubility of poorly soluble drugs. Taking this into consideration, this review aims to discuss different applications of hydroxymethyl derived from biological agents and its influence on the pharmacological effects of drugs, prodrugs, active metabolites, and compounds of natural origin. Finally, we report a successful compound synthesized by our research group and used for the treatment of neglected diseases, which is created from the hydroxymethylation of its parent drug.

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A review of therapeutic angiogenesis and consideration of its potential applications to plastic and reconstructive surgery

Cited by 25 publications

References 70 publications

Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Skin Flap Mouse Model

Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Skin Flap Mouse Model

Beneficial Effects of Aminoguanidine on Skin Flap Survival in Diabetic Rats

Drug/Lead Compound Hydroxymethylation as a Simple Approach to Enhance Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Properties

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