A review of transgenerational epigenetics for RNAi, longevity, germline maintenance and olfactory imprinting in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>

Rankin, Catharine H.

doi:10.1242/jeb.108340

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Whether such long-term transgenerational effects are necessarily adaptive is still controversial (Wolf et al 1998; Badyaev and Uller 2009; Uller et al 2013; Burgess and Marshall 2014). Within C. elegans , it is increasingly apparent, however, that heritable nongenetic carry-over effects can persist for long periods—up to 30 generations or more (Katz et al 2009; Burton et al 2011; Luteijn et al 2012; Shirayama et al 2012; Ashe et al 2013; Rankin 2015). …”

Section: Exemplars Of Caenorhabditis Experimental Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evolution withCaenorhabditisNematodes

et al. 2017

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The hermaphroditic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been one of the primary model systems in biology since the 1970s, but only within the last two decades has this nematode also become a useful model for experimental evolution. Here, we outline the goals and major foci of experimental evolution with C. elegans and related species, such as C. briggsae and C. remanei, by discussing the principles of experimental design, and highlighting the strengths and limitations of Caenorhabditis as model systems. We then review three exemplars of Caenorhabditis experimental evolution studies, underlining representative evolution experiments that have addressed the: (1) maintenance of genetic variation; (2) role of natural selection during transitions from outcrossing to selfing, as well as the maintenance of mixed breeding modes during evolution; and (3) evolution of phenotypic plasticity and its role in adaptation to variable environments, including host–pathogen coevolution. We conclude by suggesting some future directions for which experimental evolution with Caenorhabditis would be particularly informative.

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Section: Exemplars Of Caenorhabditis Experimental Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evolution withCaenorhabditisNematodes

et al. 2017

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“…We know distinct chaperones affect the manifestation of distinct sets of traits 10 . We know that there is an epigenetic component to heritability 48 . And we know that chaperone levels can be epigenetically heritable 28 .…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Cell-to-cell Variation In Gene Expression In Omentioning

confidence: 99%

hsp-16.2 chaperone biomarkers track physiological states of proteome dosage

Burnaevskiy

Sands

Shi

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Phenotypic expression of many traits varies among isogenic individuals in homogeneous environments.Intrinsic variation in the protein chaperone system affects a wide variety of traits in diverse biological systems.In C. elegans, expression of hsp-16.2 chaperone biomarkers predicts the penetrance of mutations and lifespan after heat shock. But the physiological mechanisms by which cells express different amounts of the biomarker were unknown. Here, we used an in vivo microscopy approach to dissect the mechanisms of cell-to-cell variation in hsp-16.2 biomarker expression, focusing on the intestines, which generate most signal. We found both intrinsic noise and signaling noise are low. The major axis of cell-to-cell variation in gene expression is composed of general differences in protein dosage. Thus, hsp-16.2 biomarkers reveal states of high or low effective dosages for many genes. It is possible that natural variation in protein dosage or chaperone activity may account for missing heritability of some traits.

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“…The three-day generation time of C. elegans also facilitates the rapid study of transgenerational effects. Importantly, C. elegans possesses several well conserved molecules with hypothesized involvement in epigenetic inheritance including transcription factors, histone modifications, and regulatory RNAs [52]. For example, post-translational histone modification signatures in C. elegans resemble that seen in D. melanogaster and mammals [53].…”

Section: Transgenerational Effects On Metabolic Disease In Model Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenerational inheritance of metabolic disease

Stegemann

Buchner

2015

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

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Metabolic disease encompasses several disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Recently, the incidence of metabolic disease has drastically increased, driven primarily by a worldwide obesity epidemic. Transgenerational inheritance remains controversial, but has been proposed to contribute to human metabolic disease risk based on a growing number of proof-of-principle studies in model organisms ranging from C. elegans to M. musculus to S. scrofa. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that heritable risk is epigenetically transmitted from parent to offspring over multiple generations in the absence of a continued exposure to the triggering stimuli. A diverse assortment of initial triggers can induce transgenerational inheritance including high-fat or high-sugar diets, low-protein diets, various toxins, and ancestral genetic variants. Although the mechanistic basis underlying the transgenerational inheritance of disease risk remains largely unknown, putative molecules mediating transmission include small RNAs, histone modifications, and DNA methylation. Due to the considerable impact of metabolic disease on human health, it is critical to better understand the role of transgenerational inheritance of metabolic disease risk to open new avenues for therapeutic intervention and improve upon the current methods for clinical diagnoses and treatment.

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A review of transgenerational epigenetics for RNAi, longevity, germline maintenance and olfactory imprinting in Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 36 publications

References 51 publications

Experimental Evolution withCaenorhabditisNematodes

Experimental Evolution withCaenorhabditisNematodes

hsp-16.2 chaperone biomarkers track physiological states of proteome dosage

Transgenerational inheritance of metabolic disease

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