A Review of Turbomachinery Noise: From Analytical Models to High-Fidelity Simulations

Moreau, Stéphane

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-52429-6_35

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The duct as a design concept having both a potential to lower or increase the sound emission is critical; possible erroneous designs can be sorted out early with the proposed method since keeping them in the development process is very costly. Furthermore, the method can be combined with computational models [24,25] to gain further insight into the mechanism and serve as a plausible baseline for the simulation.…”

Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Affordable Acoustic Measurement Campaign for Early Prototyping Applied to Electric Ducted Fan Units

Schoder¹,

Schmidt²,

Fürlinger³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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New innovative green concepts in electrified vertical take-off and landing vehicles currently emerge as a revolution to urban mobility going into the third dimension (vertically). The high population density of cities makes the market share highly attractive while posing an extraordinary challenge for community acceptance due to the increasing and possibly noisier commuter traffic. In addition to passenger transport, package deliveries to customers by drones may enter the market. The new challenges associated with this increasing transportation need in urban, rural and populated areas pose challenges for established companies and startups to deliver low-noise emission products. The article's objective is to revisit the benefits and drawbacks of an affordable acoustic measurement campaign focused on early prototyping. In the very early phase of product development, often considerably limited resources are available. With this in mind, the article discusses the sound power results using the enveloping surface method in a typically available low-reflection room with a reflecting floor according to DIN EN ISO 3744:2011-02. The method is applied to a subsonic electric ducted fan (EDF) unit of a 1:2 scaled electrified vertical take-off and landing vehicle. The results show that considerable information at low costs can be gained for the early prototyping stage, despite this easy-to-use, easy-to-realize, and not fine-tuned measurement setup. Furthermore, the limitations and improvements to a possible experimental setup are presented to discuss a potentially more ideal measurement environment. Measurements at discrete operating points and transient measurements across the total operating range were conducted to provide complete information on the EDF's acoustic behavior. The rotor-self noise and the rotor-stator interaction were identified as primary tonal sound sources, along with the highest broadband noise sources located on the rotor. Based on engineering experience, a first acoustic improvement treatment is also quantified with a sound power level reduction of 4dB(A). In conclusion, the presented method is a beneficial first measurement campaign to quantify the acoustic properties of an electric ducted fan unit at minimal resources in a reasonable time of several weeks when starting from scratch.

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Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Affordable Acoustic Measurement Campaign for Early Prototyping Applied to Electric Ducted Fan Units

Schoder¹,

Schmidt²,

Fürlinger³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The a-weighted OSPL was reduced by 2-4 dB across the EDF operating range, whereas the dominant BPF and the harmonics were attenuated by up to 10 dB. Having discussed what limitations apply to the affordable measurement campaign, gaining first insight in early prototyping is valuable and can be combined with more detailed computational [24,25,35,66] or experimental studies [30,46,67,68]. Simulations in combination with optimization can especially serve as a complementary noise reduction potential [69,70].…”

Section: Conclusion and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a design concept, it is critical that the duct has the potential to both lower and increase the sound emission; possible erroneous designs can be sorted out early with the proposed method, since keeping them in the development process is very costly. Furthermore, the method can be combined with computational models [24,25] to gain further insight into the mechanism and serve as a plausible baseline for the simulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Affordable Acoustic Measurement Campaign for Early Prototyping Applied to Electric Ducted Fan Units

Schoder

Schmidt

Fürlinger³

et al. 2023

Fluids

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New innovative green concepts in electrified vertical take-off and landing vehicles are currently emerging as a revolution in urban mobility going into the third dimension (vertically). The high population density of cities makes the market share highly attractive while posing an extraordinary challenge in terms of community acceptance due to the increasing and possibly noisier commuter traffic. In addition to passenger transport, package deliveries to customers by drones may enter the market. The new challenges associated with this increasing transportation need in urban, rural, and populated areas pose challenges for established companies and startups to deliver low-noise emission products. The article’s objective is to revisit the benefits and drawbacks of an affordable acoustic measurement campaign focused on early prototyping. In the very early phase of product development, available resources are often considerably limited. With this in mind, this article discusses the sound power results using the enveloping surface method in a typically available low-reflection room with a reflecting floor according to DIN EN ISO 3744:2011-02. The method is applied to a subsonic electric ducted fan (EDF) unit of a 1:2 scaled electrified vertical take-off and landing vehicle. The results show that considerable information at low costs can be gained for the early prototyping stage, despite this easy-to-use, easy-to-realize, and non-fine-tuned measurement setup. Furthermore, the limitations and improvements to a possible experimental setup are presented to discuss a potentially more ideal measurement environment. Measurements at discrete operating points and transient measurements across the total operating range were conducted to provide complete information on the EDF’s acoustic behavior. The rotor-self noise and the rotor–stator interaction were identified as primary tonal sound sources, along with the highest broadband noise sources located on the rotor. Based on engineering experience, a first acoustic improvement treatment was also quantified with a sound power level reduction of 4 dB(A). In conclusion, the presented method is a beneficial first measurement campaign to quantify the acoustic properties of an electric ducted fan unit under minimal resources in a reasonable time of several weeks when starting from scratch.

show abstract

“…In the approach conditions, the majority of the noise arises from the turbofan and the airframe [2]. Fan noise has been projected to increase with the advent of Ultra High By-pass Ratio (UHBR) engines [3,4], and research is necessary to understand the mechanisms and reduce this noise source [5,6]. Airframe noise arises mostly from the high-lift devices [7] and landing gears [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-field and Noise Characterization of a Controlled-Diffusion Airfoil

Kalyani

Moreau

Ragni

2022

28th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics 2022 Conference

Self Cite

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A Review of Turbomachinery Noise: From Analytical Models to High-Fidelity Simulations

Cited by 11 publications

References 57 publications

An Affordable Acoustic Measurement Campaign for Early Prototyping Applied to Electric Ducted Fan Units

An Affordable Acoustic Measurement Campaign for Early Prototyping Applied to Electric Ducted Fan Units

An Affordable Acoustic Measurement Campaign for Early Prototyping Applied to Electric Ducted Fan Units

Flow-field and Noise Characterization of a Controlled-Diffusion Airfoil

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