A review of waste management practices and their impact on human health

Giusti, Lorenzo

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.03.028

Cited by 685 publications

(368 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…8 Decomposition of organic material present in garbage results in the formation of leachate, which may contaminate the soil and groundwater. Toxic, asphyxiating and explosive gases may also be formed, which accumulate underground or are expelled into the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riscos à saúde em áreas próximas a aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos

Prado

2010

Rev. Saúde Pública

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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the association between living close to solid waste landfi ll sites and occurrences of cancer and congenital malformations among populations in their vicinity. METHODS:Deaths among people living in the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between 1998 and 2002 were selected and geocoded, according to selected causes. Over the period evaluated, there were 351 deaths due to liver cancer, 160 due to bladder cancer and 224 due to leukemia, among adults, 25 due to childhood leukemia and 299 due to congenital malformation, in areas close to landfi ll sites. Buffer zones of radius 2 km around the 15 sites delimited the areas exposed. Standardized mortality ratios for each outcome were analyzed in Bayesian spatial models. RESULTS:In a general manner, the highest values for the standardized mortality ratios were found in more central areas of the municipality, while the landfi ll sites were located in more peripheral areas. The standardized mortality ratios did not indicate any excess risk for people living in areas close to solid waste landfi ll sites in the municipality of São Paulo. For landfi ll sites in operation, there was a greater risk of bladder and liver cancer, and death due to congenital malformation, but without statistical signifi cance. CONCLUSIONS:No increase in the risk of cancer or congenital malformations was found in areas in the vicinity of urban waste dumps in the municipality of São Paulo. The weak associations and the imprecision of the estimates obtained did not allow any causal relationship to be established.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riscos à saúde em áreas próximas a aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos

Prado

2010

Rev. Saúde Pública

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“…The main contributors for global warming as a result of the composting process are CH 4 and N 2 O because of organic matter degradation [28]. This scenario avoids natural fossil fuel consumption but contributes high global warming potential, and as a results less CO 2 emissions (3.48×10 6 kg CO 2 eq) -because in this process dinitrogen monoxide is released due to fertilizer production, creating a positive global warming impact on the environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…None of its cities has a proper MSW management system, and dumping in open sites is a common practice throughout the country, hence adding to the air pollution because of uncovered dumped waste. Improperly managed, this can cause several environmental impacts such as pollution of soil, surface water, groundwater, and air and, most significantly, can be harmful to public health during every single phase of waste management (collection, processing, and final disposal), because of direct and indirect contact with harmful substances that are released to the environment from the waste [4][5]. Environmental impacts together with the economic restraints are the main driving forces for classifying solutions to reduce the impacts caused by MSW [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

End- of- Life Scenarios for Municipal Solid Waste of Defence Housing Authority Lahore, Pakistan

Ali

Azam

Khalid

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Municipal solid waste (MSW) includes packaging waste, yard waste, wood, textile, newsprints, bottles, food waste, metals, and plastics. Trade, industry, and human population growth plus variations in living standards and in consumption patterns have been the main factors for progressive increase in generating MSW. As a consequence, management of MSW is one of the major challenges for municipalities in the 21st century [1][2]. In developing Asian countries, these factors are Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 26, No. 3 (2017) AbstractThis paper evaluates the environmental impacts of various municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment options produced on-site simultaneously with energy and material recovery. The results present a comparison of life cycle assessment (LCA) for municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in five different waste scenarios along with baseline scenario of the Defence Housing Authority (DHA) in Lahore. All scenarios were modeled using EaseTech software. Nine impact categories were assessed and results were presented based on the ASTM D5231-92(2003) characterization method. Results revealed that a material recovery facility (MRF) had low global warming potential (GWP), but lower avoided burdens in other impact categories. The incineration process indicated fewer burdens on the environment such as GWP (-2.086×10 7 kg CO 2 eq) as compared to landfills (2.461×10 7 kg CO 2 eq). This was due to lower avoided emissions in the landfill process compared to incineration. The negative values in results represented higher avoided emissions in treatment processes. Bio-gasification avoided CO 2 emissions (-8.053×10 5 kg CO 2 eq), but showed negative impacts in other categories. Almost all impact categories were high in composting except for freshwater eutrophication. LCA results provided good knowledge for decision makers as a tool to decide what alternative is a better change for sustainable waste management.

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“…Thus, landfills remain the most applied MSW disposal method around the world, but it becomes a less cheap option because of increasingly stringent legislation in developed countries; consequently MSW started to be increasingly diverted from landfills to the managerial options (e.g., Fehr 2003;LFD 1999;Giusti 2009), which require that landfills can only be used for inert materials, encouraging the use of MSW with high organic content to be used for the production of gas. Incineration and recycling represented 18 and 25%, respectively, in 2000 in Western Europe and increasing, whereas the percentages for Central and Eastern Europe were 6 and 9% but lack of data does not allow for identifying a clear tendency (Giusti 2009). Data from a pilot study (Koneczny and Pennington 2007) in a series of cities in Central Europe indicated that the preferred solution for diversion from landfills is a mix of recycling (10-20%), composting (15-45%), and refuse derived-fuel (40-80%).…”

Section: Integrative Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Risks from Old Urban Waste Landfills: Sustainability Perspective from Iasi, Romania

Ciumasu

Mihai

Costica

et al. 2012

J. Hazard. Toxic Radioact. Waste

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Landfills continue to represent the most frequent managerial practice for municipal solid wastes and an increasing and complex problem globally. In certain countries, a transition to an open society and free market is superimposed on the transition to sustainability, resulting in even higher complexity of management. This paper proposes an approach for problem-structuring of landfills in complex transitions: sustainability or unsustainability of a management approach is determined by a set of sustainability filters that are defined by sets of indicators and prioritized according the systemic concept of sustainability, which says that economy is embedded in society, which is embedded in nature. The writers exercise this approach with an old landfill in Iasi, Romania, and conclude for unsustainability, because the ecological sustainability filter is not successfully passed. Social and economic sustainability filters are also discussed in relation with the ecological sustainability indicators. The described approach allows a coherent, transdisciplinary synthesis of knowledge scattered across various disciplines, a pervasive problem in landfill management. The case study helps distinguish between generally true and contextdependent aspects.

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A review of waste management practices and their impact on human health

Cited by 685 publications

References 54 publications

Riscos à saúde em áreas próximas a aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos

Riscos à saúde em áreas próximas a aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos

End- of- Life Scenarios for Municipal Solid Waste of Defence Housing Authority Lahore, Pakistan

Complex Risks from Old Urban Waste Landfills: Sustainability Perspective from Iasi, Romania

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