A review on 3D printed piezoelectric energy harvesters: Materials, 3D printing techniques, and applications

Megdich, Amal; Habibi, Mohamed; Laperrière, Luc

doi:10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105541

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 267 publications

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“…The beam dimensions are managed within a range of 12 to 17 mm in length, following a trapezoidal pattern. Piezoelectric energy harvesters have been demonstrated to achieve power levels in the range of 1-50 µW for typical ambient vibrations [26], or even over 100 µW with the caveat of using large accelerations and robust harvesters [23,27]. It is possible to improve the sensitivity of the energy harvesters in the frequency ranges available in the environment, usually up to 624 Hz [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Nanostructured Multilayer Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for IoT Devices Using Three-Beam Lead-Free Architecture: A Complete Characterization

Uscanga-González¹,

Elvira-Hernández²,

Alvarez-Sánchez³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Owing to the escalating adoption of IoT systems across various domains, the demand for mobile and wireless power sources has surged. Although conventional batteries typically serve as energy storage components, the current low-power consumption devices necessitate eco-friendly alterna-tives. In this study, we designed, fabricated, and characterized an energy harvesting device that repurposes mechanical vibrations. A three-beam design was employed to harvest energy across a broader range of potential frequencies. Finite element models were simulated to ascertain the first bending moment for both sets of beams. A nanostructured piezoelectric multilayer film made of ZnO was deposited onto an AISI 304 steel substrate, and a photosensitive resin seismic mass was implemented. Low-cost techniques generating minimal environmental waste were leveraged in the fabrication process. The piezoelectric film was deposited using a spray nebulization technique involving recycled materials and cost-effective equipment. Micrographs of the layers unveiled the presence of nanospheres with diameters of 250 nm. Employing a custom-made shaker, output voltages of 1.08 V and 180 mV, and power outputs of 1.849 µW and 16.2 nW were achieved for each set of beams. The electrical characterization was conducted using a custom-made shaker, repurposing materials for this objective.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Nanostructured Multilayer Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for IoT Devices Using Three-Beam Lead-Free Architecture: A Complete Characterization

Uscanga-González¹,

Elvira-Hernández²,

Alvarez-Sánchez³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Additive manufacturing (commonly 3D printing) is also a flourishing field of research for developing PENGs as emphasized in the recent review on 3D printing PENGs [229][230][231]. The 3D printed piezoelectric materials can be made according to different strategies.…”

Section: W-peng Challenges and Possibilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The past, present, and future of piezoelectric fluoropolymers: Towards efficient and robust wearable nanogenerators

Alam

Crispin

2023

Nano Research Energy

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Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) derivatives in metal/PVDF/metal (MPM) sandwich structures have been studied extensively since 1969. Cousin copolymers of the same family have been discovered with fascinating piezoelectric, pyroelectric, electrocaloric, and ferroelectric properties. Solution processing, flexibility, lightweight, and thermal stability make this class of materials complementary to inorganics. Thus, PVDF based polymers potentially compete with inorganic materials for a broad range of technologies such as energy generators, loudspeakers, coolers, and memories. However, the stable non-electroactive α-phase and hydrophobic nature of PVDF are the main barriers for developoing high performing and robust MPM devices in electronic applications. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview on different methods to induce the electroactive β-phase and improve the adhesion strength with metals to ensure robust and durable MPM devices. We go through advantages and disadvantages of several methods and pinpoint future opportunities in this research area. A special attention is paid to wearable piezoelectric nanogenerators for energy harvesting from human body motion, where flexible PVDF derivatives are compared with rigid piezoelectric ceramics. While the piezoelectric coefficient of PVDF (d 33 ~ 24-34 pm/V) is one order lower than ceramic materials, novel copolymers of PVDF display d 33 > 1000 pm/V upon bias. This shows promise to bring piezoelectrics to flexible and largearea applications such as smart textiles. We also discussed challenges to improve wearability, such as light weight, breathability, and flexibility.

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“…Piezoelectric devices have been extensively studied over several decades, leading to the development of numerous applications, including ultrasonic imaging [1][2][3][4], high-frequency surgery [5,6], sonar systems [7][8][9], musical instruments [10][11][12][13], and pressure-acceleration sensors [14][15][16][17][18]. Because piezoelectric materials can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, they hold promise as energy-harvesting devices [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. In recent years, substantial research has been * Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realizing stretchable energy harvesting film through stretch-buckling conversion of wavy base

Gwak,

Kim,

Victoria

et al. 2024

Smart Mater. Struct.

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In this study, we designed and fabricated a stretchable energy harvesting device. This device operates by inducing buckling in the PZT film through tension applied to the wavy base, resulting in voltage generation. Both simulations and experiments demonstrate that the aspect ratio between the pitch and curve radius of the symmetric wavy base influences the energy conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric device. An in-depth analysis revealed that increasing the resolution of the device leads to a proportional increase in energy conversion efficiency. This finding aligns with the mathematical modeling proposed in our study. Consequently, our study demonstrates the potential of miniaturized wavy piezoelectric devices in diverse applications, including soft robotics, wearable devices, and highly sensitive stretchable sensors. These devices hold promise for enhancing the efficiency of flexible devices by harnessing energy from mechanical movement.

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A review on 3D printed piezoelectric energy harvesters: Materials, 3D printing techniques, and applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 267 publications

A Low-Cost Nanostructured Multilayer Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for IoT Devices Using Three-Beam Lead-Free Architecture: A Complete Characterization

A Low-Cost Nanostructured Multilayer Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for IoT Devices Using Three-Beam Lead-Free Architecture: A Complete Characterization

The past, present, and future of piezoelectric fluoropolymers: Towards efficient and robust wearable nanogenerators

Realizing stretchable energy harvesting film through stretch-buckling conversion of wavy base

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