A Review on Adaptogenic Activity of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera): An Ayurvedic Appraisal

Abstract

Stress is a state of mental or emotional strain resulting from demanding circumstances. It's a universal experience, which has an important defensive function towards harmful psychological stimuli. Owing to this there are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments with fatal adverse reaction. The need of hour is to have a cost-effective adaptogenic drug. Adaptogens are compounds that increase the ability of an organism to adapt to environmental factors and avoid damage. Ayurveda explains these qualities under concepts of vyadhikshamatva (immunity). Ashwagandha is considered to be the best adaptogenic drug among shankhapushpi (Clitoria ternatea), yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra), brahmi (Bacopa monnieri), guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), mandookaparni (Centella asiatica), etc medhya dravya (cognitive enhancers). This study reviews the Ayurvedic and modern literature related to stress and its management as adaptogens through Ayurveda. Ayurveda is the traditional system of medicine of India and contains a very scientific description of stress and general manovikaras (psychiatric illness). Ayurveda has been a great potential in the field of rasayana (rejuvenation) as there are lots of single herbs and preparations which possess adaptogenic properties and strengthens the physiological adaptation.