A Review on Analysis of the Several Forms of Anaemia Common in Children and Adolescent in India between Ages of 1 to

Abstract

Anaemia poses a significant public health challenge in India, particularly affecting vulnerable populations such as women of reproductive age and children. Defined by low hemoglobin levels, anaemia's prevalence is notably higher in rural areas compared to urban centers, reflecting disparities in healthcare access and nutritional intake. Iron deficiency is the predominant cause, accounting for a substantial proportion of cases, alongside deficiencies in vitamin B12, folate, and other micronutrients. The condition's multifactorial etiology includes dietary factors, genetic predispositions, and socio-economic determinants.Efforts to address anaemia include national supplementation programs, health education initiatives, and improvements in maternal and child healthcare services. Despite these measures, anaemia rates remain stubbornly high, impacting physical development, cognitive function, and overall productivity. Diagnostic strategies involve hematological tests to assess hemoglobin levels and nutrient status, enabling targeted interventions.Future research directions emphasize understanding regional variations, exploring novel interventions, and addressing underlying socio-economic factors to achieve sustained reductions in anaemia prevalence.