A review on applications of integrated terahertz systems

Lu, Xuyang; Venkatesh, Suresh; Saeidi, Hooman

doi:10.23919/jcc.2021.05.011

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the appealing bandwidth also comes at a price of increased path loss and reduced penetration capability, which significantly curbs the communication range and power efficiency of THz communication systems. Based upon the Friss equation, the path loss of a 140 GHz THz link is around 10-40 dB higher than the mmWave counterpart due to the reduction in wavelength and an increase in water absorption [4] . A common solution to this problem is to boost the directivity of the beam by creating spatially concentrated radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Intelligent Electromagnetic Radiator Design for Future THz Communication: A Review

Venkatesh

Saeidi

et al. 2022

Chinese J of Electronics

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Advances in 6G communication changes how machines and humans interact. The blossom of new applications demands significantly higher data bandwidth while preserving the mobility and sustainability of electronic wireless communication systems. It also demands an integrable system that allows convenient interactions between communication units and signal processing units. A review of CMOS-based THz communication system solutions is presented, with a focus on novel systematic EM-circuit co-design philosophy. This review starts with a review of THz power generation, followed by the discussion of THz localization and THz beamforming for efficient high-throughput communication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Intelligent Electromagnetic Radiator Design for Future THz Communication: A Review

Venkatesh

Saeidi

et al. 2022

Chinese J of Electronics

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“…The traditional THz integrated circuit unit is usually processed and realized by III‐V compound semiconductor technology, which can achieve excellent radio frequency (RF) performance, but its cost is relatively high. In addition, due to the characteristics of compound semiconductor technology, it cannot inherit large‐scale analog and digital circuits, and therefore cannot effectively utilize the advantages of the chip [ 13 ] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its wireless coverage performance and transmission time delay, system security and user experience will also be significantly improved [11] . Compared with the microwave frequency band and the millimeter wave low frequency band, the THz frequency band provides a broad spectrum resource space for wireless communication research, has a huge transmission bandwidth and transmission rate, and has become a research hot spot in future mobile communications [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different from traditional low-frequency communication circuits, the propagation loss of THz signals on even the most advanced printed circuit boards (PCB) is large, and the packaging and connection losses of THz signals are also unacceptable. Meanwhile, the output power of the THz band transmitter is limited, and the propagation path loss in the THz band is relatively large [12] . Even if there is an atmospheric window in some frequency bands, considering that the overall signal attenuation trend is positively correlated with frequency, this makes the realization of wireless signal transmission in the THz frequency band require higher transmitter output power and receiver sensitivity to combat space loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research on Silicon‐Based Terahertz Communication Integrated Circuits

Zhou

CHEN

Tang

et al. 2022

Chinese J of Electronics

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With the increasing number of users and emerging new applications, the demand for mobile data traffic is growing rapidly. The limited spectrum resources of the traditional microwave and millimeter-wave frequency bands can no longer support the future wireless communication systems with higher system capacity and data throughput. The terahertz (THz) frequency bands have abundant spectrum resources, which can provide sufficient bandwidth to expand channel capacity and increase transmission data rate. In addition, with the rapid development of silicon-based semiconductor technology, its characteristic size keeps decreasing, and the radio frequency performance of active devices is gradually approaching the performance of III-V semiconductor technology. The realization of THz communication systems based on low-cost, high-stability, and easy-to-integrate silicon-based process has become a feasible solution. This review summarizes the reported silicon-based THz communication systems, as well as the key sub-circuit chips in these systems, including the local oscillator, power amplifier, low noise amplifier, on-chip antenna and transceiver chip, etc.

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Editorial: Advances in Terahertz Detection and Imaging

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Phys.

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Terahertz waves have many unique properties and show great potential for both fundamental scientific research and applications in various fields, such as astronomy, communication, biomedicine, and security inspection [1][2][3]. Terahertz detection is a process of converting terahertz signal into a measurable electrical signal. It can be used to obtain the amplitude, phase, spectroscopic, temporal, or polarization information of the THz signal, which may reveal rich physical phenomena about the interaction of terahertz waves with matter. Effective detection of terahertz signal is crucial for realizing real-world applications of terahertz technology, especially for the passive techniques [4]. Terahertz waves show good capability of penetration through objects which are usually opaque to infrared and visible light, and their appropriate wavelengths may yield a higher spatial resolution than microwave. Many organic substances exhibit fingerprint absorption spectra in this frequency range, enabling identification of different materials. Therefore, imaging with terahertz waves allows one to see through an object with millimeter-or submillimeter-scale resolution and even spatially resolve its chemical composition [5,6]. Nowadays, terahertz detection and imaging are two fundamental and hot topics in the area of terahertz science and technology, and a series of significant advances have emerged in recent years.Limited by the cut-off frequency of conventional electronic devices and the relatively large bandgap of conventional photonic devices, detection of terahertz waves at room temperature (RT) is still a challenge. For terahertz detection, the underlying mechanisms can be generally classified into three categories: thermal effect, electronic effect and photonic effect. Thermal detectors, relying on the temperature change of the photoactive materials induced by the incident radiation, have a broadband photoresponse (theoretically covering the entire terahertz range). Bolometers are the most widely used thermal detectors and their focal-plane arrays have been commercially available. At cryogenic temperatures, bolometers show very high sensitivities, with noise-equivalent power (NEP) levels on the order of fW/ Hz √ or below, and have been successfully applied to astronomical observation and personnel screening [4,7]. Thermal response is usually slow (of about milliseconds). However, the hot-carrier assisted photothermoelectric effect occurring in graphene is an exception, which is capable of reaching the picosecond level [8]. Electronic detectors, relying on the interaction of terahertz waves with the collective motion of electrons or induces an electron transition (across a potential barrier) [9], have a fast response but low-frequency operation (typically below 1 THz). Photonic detectors, relying on the generation of electron-hole pairs in narrow bandgap semiconductors upon terahertz photoexcitation, usually require cryogenic cooling to reduce the background thermal noise. Nevertheless, after years of development, exciti...

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A review on applications of integrated terahertz systems

Cited by 40 publications

References 134 publications

Integrated Intelligent Electromagnetic Radiator Design for Future THz Communication: A Review

Integrated Intelligent Electromagnetic Radiator Design for Future THz Communication: A Review

Research on Silicon‐Based Terahertz Communication Integrated Circuits

Editorial: Advances in Terahertz Detection and Imaging

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