A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles

Sharma, Rajat; Garg, Rajni; Kumari, Avnesh

doi:10.17179/excli2020-2842

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…Figure 1 a shows the UV-Vis spectra of a suspension of 0.01 g ZnO NPs obtained in the presence of different aqueous botanical extracts, which were dispersed in 100 mL of water. Semiconductor oxide nanoparticles presented a maximum absorption peak in the range of 360–375 nm, which is in agreement with Sharma et al, who reported a UV-Vis absorbance peak between 360 and 375 nm for ZnO NPs [ 20 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Sunlight Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Different Botanical Extracts and Zinc Acetate as a Precursor

et al. 2021

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In this work, the assessment of Azadirachta indica, Tagetes erecta, Chrysanthemum morifolium, and Lentinula edodes extracts as catalysts for the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was performed. The photocatalytic properties of ZnO NPs were investigated by the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under sunlight irradiation. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET) were used for the characterization of samples. The XRD results indicate that all synthesized nanoparticles have a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure, which was confirmed by TEM. Further, TEM analysis proved the formation of spherical and hemispherical nanoparticles of ZnO with a size in the range of 14–32 nm, which were found in aggregate shape; such a size was well below the size of the particles synthesized with no extract (~43 nm). ZnO NPs produced with Tagetes erecta and Lentinula edodes showed the best photocatalytic activity, matching with the maximum adsorbed MB molecules (45.41 and 58.73%, respectively). MB was completely degraded in 45 min using Tagetes erecta and 120 min using Lentinula edodes when subjected to solar irradiation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Sunlight Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Different Botanical Extracts and Zinc Acetate as a Precursor

et al. 2021

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“…During the last decade, lots of NPs have been reported as novel and sustainable antifungal materials (Staron and Dlugosz, 2021). A previous work has revealed that ZnO-NPs have a wide antifungal range and relatively low toxicity (Sharma et al, 2020). However, the data of ZnO-NPs were primarily obtained from in vitro assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bondarenko et al (2013) pointed out that the median lethal doses (LD50) of Ag-NPs and ZnO-NPs for mammalian cells were 11.3 and 43 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, ZnO-NPs possess several other advantages, such as chemical and thermal stability, high oxidation energy, and good antimicrobial properties, facilitating their wide application (Sharma et al, 2020). ZnO-NPs have a wide range of antifungal effects, including C. albicans, Trichophyton, Microsporum canis, mentagrophytes, Aspergillus flavus, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, and Fusarium oxysporum (Sun et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prime a Protective Immune Response in Galleria mellonella to Defend Against Candida albicans

Pan

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Purpose: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have exerted antimicrobial properties. However, there is insufficient evaluation regarding the in vivo antifungal activity of ZnO-NPs. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of ZnO-NPs in controlling Candida albicans in the invertebrate Galleria mellonella.Methods:Galleria mellonella larvae were injected with different doses of ZnO-NPs to determine their in vivo toxicity. Non-toxic doses of ZnO-NPs were chosen for prophylactic injection in G. mellonella followed by C. albicans infection. Then the direct in vitro antifungal effect of ZnO-NPs against C. albicans was evaluated. In addition, the mode of action of ZnO-NPs was assessed in larvae through different assays: quantification of hemocyte density, morphology observation of hemocytes, characterization of hemocyte aggregation and phagocytosis, and measurement of hemolymph phenoloxidase (PO) activity.Results: Zinc oxide nanoparticles were non-toxic to the larvae at relatively low concentrations (≤20 mg/kg). ZnO-NP pretreatment significantly prolonged the survival of C. albicans-infected larvae and decreased the fungal dissemination and burden in the C. albicans-infected larvae. This observation was more related to the activation of host defense rather than their fungicidal capacities. Specifically, ZnO-NP treatment increased hemocyte density, promoted hemocyte aggregation, enhanced hemocyte phagocytosis, and activated PO activity in larvae.Conclusion: Prophylactic treatment with lower concentrations of ZnO-NPs protects G. mellonella from C. albicans infection. The innate immune response primed by ZnO-NPs may be part of the reason for the protective effects. This study provides new evidence of the capacity of ZnO-NPs in enhancing host immunity and predicts that ZnO-NPs will be attractive for further anti-infection applications.

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“… 51 , 52 On the other hand, zinc is the old-but-gold element in terms of its antimicrobial effects against various bacterial and fungal strains and its applications. 53 Zinc is considered as nature’s antimicrobial agent through which our bodies attack any microbial infection. 54 Although most studies have focused on the application of zinc oxide nanoparticles for antimicrobial activity, several investigations have highlighted the significant effect of Zn 2+ in that context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Structure, Cytocompatibility, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver-, Strontium-, and Zinc-Doped Monetite

Adawy

Dı́az

2022

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Calcium phosphate phases are among the most widely accepted compounds for biomaterial applications, of which the resorbable phases have gained particular attention in recent years. Brushite and its anhydrous form monetite are among the most interesting resorbable calcium phosphate phases that can be applied as cements and for in situ fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) implants. Of these two dicalcium phosphate compounds, monetite is more stable and undergoes slower degradation than brushite. The purpose of the current study is to synthesize and dope monetite with the antimicrobial elements silver and zinc and the osteoinductive element strontium and investigate the possible structural variations as well as their biocompatibility and antimicrobial effectiveness. For this, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) were used to thoroughly study the synthesized structures. Moreover, the ASTM E-2149-01 protocol and a cell proliferation assay were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and the cytocompatibility of the different phases with the Soas-2 cell line, respectively. The results confirm the successful synthesis and doping procedures, such that zinc was the most incorporated element into the monetite phase and strontium was the least incorporated element. The microbiological studies revealed that silver is a very effective antimicrobial agent at low concentrations but unsuitable at high concentrations because its cytotoxicity would prevail. On the other hand, doping the compounds with zinc led to a reasonable antimicrobial activity without compromising the biocompatibility to obviously high concentrations. The study also highlights that strontium, widely known for its osteoinductivity, bears an antimicrobial effect at high concentrations. The generated doped compounds could be beneficial for prospective studies as bone cements or for scaffold biomaterial applications.

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A review on biogenic synthesis, applications and toxicity aspects of zinc oxide nanoparticles

Cited by 31 publications

References 60 publications

Sunlight Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Different Botanical Extracts and Zinc Acetate as a Precursor

Sunlight Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Different Botanical Extracts and Zinc Acetate as a Precursor

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Prime a Protective Immune Response in Galleria mellonella to Defend Against Candida albicans

Probing the Structure, Cytocompatibility, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver-, Strontium-, and Zinc-Doped Monetite

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