A review on characterization and recyclability of pharmaceutical blisters

Çapkın, İrem Yaren; Gökelma, Mertol

doi:10.1016/j.clwas.2023.100082

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…They must not alter the ingredients of the drug and the drug must not be adsorbed to the package material [ 3 , 4 ]. Alveoli usually consist of two aluminum foils or an aluminum and a plastic foil or plastic multilayer laminates joined together and welded with adhesive; therefore, they consist of composite materials that are difficult to separate and reuse [ 5 , 6 ]. For this reason, and because the medications taken, as well as any not taken, end up in waste, all blister cards are currently disposable materials and their volume should be minimized as much as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untapped options to reduce waste from blister packaging for tablets and capsules

Falconnier-Williams,

Taeschner,

Hille

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

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Purpose In Europe, most medicines are taken orally and primarily packaged as single solid oral dosage forms (SODF) in blister chambers (alveoli) arranged on blister cards. Blister cards are constructed as multilayer laminates of aluminum (Al) foils and/or various plastic polymers bonded together, forming the alveoli, which are separated by more or less large gaps. We calculated the amount of packaging material (and thus waste) generated annually for the packaging of the most commonly prescribed SODF in Germany and estimated how much waste could be saved by rearranging the alveoli. Methods For this purpose, we analysed the SODF of the 50 most frequently prescribed medicines that were packaged in alveoli (N = 45; 13 of aluminum-aluminum blisters, 32 of mixed materials), measured and weighed their packaging material and content, calculated the annual amount of waste produced from them, and estimated how much waste could be saved if the alveoli were optimally positioned on the blister cards. In addition, we examined the variability of the blister packaging of eight groups of commonly prescribed generics of the same strength. Results Detailed analysis of the blister cards revealed that most of the material (69%) was used for the space between blisters and that aluminum-aluminum alveoli were more than four times larger than the packaged SODF. The (conservatively) estimated annual amount of composite waste generated for the primary packaging of these SODF was 3868 t (and extrapolated to the entire German pharmaceutical market 8533 t), of which an optimized arrangement of the blister chambers, i.e., a 2-mm sealing area around each alveolus and the arrangement of the SODF in 2 rows, would save approximately 37%. Conclusion Considering that other ecological strategies are not yet mature, the optimal arrangement of blister chambers would be a captivatingly simple and, above all, immediately implementable strategy to avoid large amounts of avoidable waste.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untapped options to reduce waste from blister packaging for tablets and capsules

Falconnier-Williams,

Taeschner,

Hille

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

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“…En la búsqueda de soluciones, se han realizado estudios sobre el procesamiento de empaques de aluminio, tereftalato de polietileno (PET) y PP, que han demostrado resultados prometedores en la reducción de la permeabilidad al oxígeno (Kim et al, 2020;Lorini et al, 2018). Sin embargo, Çapkın & Gökelma (2023) señalan que los empaques laminados con aluminio generan un alto impacto ambiental debido a las dificultades para separar sus capas durante el reciclaje, debido a que no son materiales misibles dentro de procesos de reciclaje, separación y posterior pelletizado de resinas postcosumo (PCR).…”

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Permeabilidad al Oxígeno en Envases para Alimentos Fabricados con Polipropileno Mediante Moldeo por Inyección

Tuárez-Párraga,

Laz-Mero,

Córdova-Mosquera

et al. 2024

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El estudio de los materiales de empaques ha adquirido una creciente importancia, especialmente en el envasado de alimentos sensibles al oxígeno, por lo cual se han implementado diversas tecnologías para mejorar las propiedades de barrera contra el oxígeno, con el objetivo de prolongar la vida útil de los productos. En este contexto, durante esta investigación se propuso evaluar la tasa de transmisión de oxígeno (OTR) en envases fabricados mediante moldeo por inyección, a través de diferentes tipos de polipropileno (PP). El estudio se llevó a cabo con la medición de la OTR en los diferentes tipos de envases mediante un analizador por fluorescencia óptica, exponiendo los envases a una corriente de nitrógeno en un lado y a una de oxígeno puro en el otro lado. Los resultados revelaron 44 % mayor permeabilidad en contenedores que utilizaron tapas fabricadas con copolímero de polipropileno random (CPPR) y las tarrinas fabricadas con copolímero de polipropileno en bloques (CPPB), en comparación con las tarrinas y tapas que emplearon solo CPPB. Estos hallazgos indican que el tipo de material utilizado influye significativamente en la OTR, lo cual impacta en el rendimiento de los productos envasados. Los resultados proporcionan información relevante para el desarrollo de empaques más eficientes en términos de barrera de oxígeno, lo que contribuye a garantizar la calidad y la vida útil de los productos envasados.

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Natural Plant Fiber‐Based Materials for Packaging Applications – A Review of Recent Innovations and Developments

Zhang,

Hao,

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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Natural plant fiber‐based packaging materials emerges as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastic and non‐biodegradable packaging. This paper presents an extensive review of the current technological status quo and commercial applications of natural plant fiber‐based packaging such as fiber‐based foams, molded pulp packaging, fiber‐based bottles, fiber‐based flexible packaging, fiber‐based blister packaging and stretchable paper. It focuses on the manufacturing processes and newest technology advancement of environmentally sustainable materials, meanwhile, the currently industry‐leading, cutting‐edge commercial products also are discussed. In conclusion, the paper advocates for the pivotal role natural plant fiber‐based packaging plays in transforming the packaging industry, addressing waste reduction, resource conservation, and climate change. It encourages the wider adoption of these materials while acknowledging the complexities involved and the need for continuous research and development to ensure their viability and effectiveness in meeting stringent packaging requirements.

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A review on characterization and recyclability of pharmaceutical blisters

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Untapped options to reduce waste from blister packaging for tablets and capsules

Untapped options to reduce waste from blister packaging for tablets and capsules

Permeabilidad al Oxígeno en Envases para Alimentos Fabricados con Polipropileno Mediante Moldeo por Inyección

Natural Plant Fiber‐Based Materials for Packaging Applications – A Review of Recent Innovations and Developments

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