A Review on CNTs-Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: Unique Properties and Potential Applications

Hybridized sulfated-carboxymethyl cellulose/MWNT nanocomposite as highly selective electrochemical probe for trace detection of arsenic in real environmental samples

“…CNTs have fascinated huge attention in recent years for electrochemical determinations because of their physicochemical properties, high modulus of elasticity, specic surface area mechanical, superior electronic conductivity, as well as their high aspect ratio, good strength, and low density. 25 To limit the challenge of CNT dispersion, surfactants and soluble polymers have been employed as effective dispersion agents, where p-p stacking facilitates CNTs to interact easily with conjugated macromolecules and makes it probable for better suitability to solvents and high-site approachability of the target molecule. [25][26][27] Natural polysaccharides such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can be effectively employed to develop electrochemical materials due to their abundant chiral microenvironment.…”

“…25 To limit the challenge of CNT dispersion, surfactants and soluble polymers have been employed as effective dispersion agents, where p-p stacking facilitates CNTs to interact easily with conjugated macromolecules and makes it probable for better suitability to solvents and high-site approachability of the target molecule. [25][26][27] Natural polysaccharides such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) can be effectively employed to develop electrochemical materials due to their abundant chiral microenvironment. 28 As per the previous reports, CMC-functionalized CNT presented good dispersibility and stability in water.…”

“…To limit the challenge of CNT dispersion, surfactants and soluble polymers have been employed as effective dispersion agents, where π–π stacking facilitates CNTs to interact easily with conjugated macromolecules and makes it probable for better suitability to solvents and high-site approachability of the target molecule. 25–27…”

Simultaneous Electrochemical Determination of Hydroquinone and Catechol by Lignocellulose Biopolymers Derived Porous Carbon

“…Thus, the simultaneous determination of HQ and CC in their mixture is not easy. To solve this problem and to separate the oxidation peaks of HQ and CC, various materials with high selectivity, good conductivity and high stability including graphene, [22][23][24] mesoporous silica, [25] mental oxide, [26] polymer, [27] Mxene, [28] MOF, [29,30] carbon nanotube, [31][32][33] and biomass-based carbons [34] have been employed as modifiers of electrode surface. The Biomass-based carbons were widely applied in electrochemical sensors including bagasse, [35] lotus stem, [20] kiwi skin, [36] and pig lung [37] to solve the issues of expensive material, tedious procedure and poor electrochemical performance.…”

A Novel Pentachlorophenol Electrochemical Sensor Based on Nickel-Cobalt Layered Double Hydroxide Doped with Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite

“…In this view, metal hydroxides with layered double hydroxides (LDH) have attracted considerable attention as catalysts for electrochemical sensors. [17][18][19] Many studies confirmed that have unique materials because of their two-dimensional structures, highly tunable interior architecture, excellent ion exchange capabilities, reasonable interlayer spaces, and high porosities. 20,21 For instance, NiFe-LDH was reported for nitrobenzene detection, 22 CuAl-LDH nanocomposite for Glyphosate detection in water, 23 magneto LDH/Fe 3 O 4 for tramadol sensing, 24 and also ZnAl-LDH was described for the simultaneous detection of vitamin C and aspirin.…”