A Review on Coping Strategies to Current Climate Change Effects on Agricultural Sector of Afghanistan

Abstract

Afghanistan, characterized by an extremely arid and semi-arid climate, stands as one of the world's sixth most climate-vulnerable countries. A staggering 36% of the Afghan population lives below the poverty line, with approximately 80% engaged in the agriculture and livestock sector. Over the years, the average annual temperature in Afghanistan has surged by approximately 1.8 degrees Celsius, accompanied by a decrease in average annual precipitation. Looking ahead, climate projections paint a worrisome picture, with an anticipated 6–7 Degree Celsius increase in the average temperature over Afghanistan by 2100. This high dependence on agriculture and low economy, renders Afghanistan exceptionally susceptible to the current and anticipated impacts of climate change. In response to these challenges, adaptation to climate change emerges as an immediate and critical priority. Recognizing the urgency of the situation, a comprehensive program is slated to be designed and implemented, particular focus on the vulnerable agriculture sector.