“…The heterogeneous photocatalytic performance of viral disinfection principally pertains to the capability for retardation of e − /h + pairs from recombination and the ability to fully utilize sunlight. Regrettably, the photocatalytic ability of most semiconductors is trivial because of several disadvantages including poor capability for e − /h + separation, fast recombination of charges, and low utilization efficiency of solar light [47] , [48] . Up to now, diverse photocatalysts such as g-C 3 N 4 , CuO, ZnO, TiO 2 , and Ag 3 PO 4 prepared with different morphologies, structures, and procedures have been used for the inactivation of viruses due to their nonhazardous nature and high stability [49] , [50] , [51] .…”