A Review on Glucocorticoids Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management by Some Natural Plants

Abstract

200 million person all over the world affected by osteoporosis as it is most common metabolic bone disorder. The general reason of bone loss are age and menopause, and the rates of bone loss variable between individuals. Physical activity and environmental factors as nutrition can contribute to bone health as they modify both peak bone mass and following bone loss. Medications embrace both antiresorptive and anabolic types. Antiresorptive medications acts by reducing rates of bone remodeling like estrogens, selective estrogen receptor modulators (raloxifene), bisphosphonates (alendronate, risedronate, and ibandronate) and calcitonins. Parathyroid hormone is the only anabolic medication. The nonmedical treatment must be used with pharmacologic treatment to maximize outcomes for osteoporotic patient. Some plant-derived natural products, mostly phytoestrogens (isoflavones, lignans, coumestanes, stilbenes) and many more novel estrogen-like compounds in plants have been greatly used to prevent depletion in bone mineral density. In this review an attempt has been made out to compile the mechanisms of glucocorticoids induced osteoporosis, the medicinal plants which are commonly utilized in osteoporosis with their prominent chemical ingredients and certain pharmacological actions.