A Review on Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensors of Glucose Using Carbon Nanofiber Nanocomposites

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus has become a worldwide epidemic, and it is expected to become the seventh leading cause of death by 2030. In response to the increasing number of diabetes patients worldwide, glucose biosensors with high sensitivity and selectivity have been developed for rapid detection. The selectivity, high sensitivity, simplicity, and quick response of electrochemical biosensors have made them a popular choice in recent years. This review summarizes the recent developments in electrodes for non-enzymatic glucose detection using carbon nanofiber (CNF)-based nanocomposites. The electrochemical performance and limitations of enzymatic and non-enzymatic glucose biosensors are reviewed. Then, the recent developments in non-enzymatic glucose biosensors using CNF composites are discussed. The final section of the review provides a summary of the challenges and perspectives, for progress in non-enzymatic glucose biosensors.

Research Progress on Biomimetic Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Glucose Sensors

“…Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are similar to carbon nanotubes in structure and properties. CNFs have good thermal conductivity, excellent electrical conductivity, high porosity, and high specific surface area and are considered strong substrates for non-enzyme biosensors due to their high electrical conductivity and high specific surface area [ 80 ].…”

Electrochemical Sensing Based on Nanofibers Modified Electrodes for Application in Diagnostic, Food and Waste Water Samples

“…Non‐enzymatic Glc sensors based on CNFs composites are recently reviewed by Mohammadpour‐Haratbar et al [27] . Adabi and Adabi fabricated a Ni−CNF composite paste electrode consisting of Ni and NiO NPs embedded in CNF to serve as a non‐enzymatic Glc sensor.…”

“…[24i] There are many reports in nonenzymatic Glc sensor based on the electrospun metal/metal oxide NFs, which are listed and compared in Table S2. [24] Non-enzymatic Glc sensors based on CNFs composites are recently reviewed by Mohammadpour-Haratbar et al [27] Adabi and Adabi fabricated a NiÀ CNF composite paste electrode consisting of Ni and NiO NPs embedded in CNF to serve as a non-enzymatic Glc sensor. The combination of the large surface area of the CNF and the high electrocatalytic activity of the Ni/ NiO NPs resulted in high performance of the proposed sensor towards Glc detection.…”

CdSe/TiO2NTs Heterojunction-Based Nonenzymatic Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Glucose Detection

“…For glucose sensors, enzyme and nonenzyme electrochemical devices are the main types, and enzyme sensors are currently the most common sensors . In different enzyme sensors for glucose, the most commonly used enzymes are glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) and glucose oxidase (GOx) .…”