“…Workers in firefighting, emergency rescue, metallurgy, aerospace, and other thermo-related fields often face a variety of potential thermal disasters or extreme temperature conditions, such as flames, heat radiation, hot steam, alternating high/low temperatures, etc., which place high demands on protective clothing. − The present protective clothing material is generally composed of high-performance polymer fibers that are characterized by high mechanical property, good thermal stability, and flame retardancy. − With the development of cutting-edge industries, people put forward higher requirements for protective performance of clothes in a complex environment to ensure the life safety. In addition to improve the fundamental thermomechanical properties of polymer matrix, the structure of protective materials also needs to be constantly optimized. − Aerogel is a class of porous materials made of colloidal particles or polymer molecules interconnected into a 3D network structure, which possesses high porosity, low density, large specific surface area (SSA), low dielectric constant, and low thermal conductivity (TC). − Processing a high-performance polymer into an aerogel can not only overcome the disadvantage of poor mechanical property of traditional inorganic aerogels but also have advantages of good temperature resistance and flame retardancy. − Researchers have conducted studies on aerogels made from high-performance polymers such as polyimide (PI) and polyamide and demonstrated their potential for thermal insulation and flame retarding applications. , However, the vast majority of aerogels reported so far are in the form of monolith or film, which cannot meet the requirements of textiles. The combination of high-performance fiber and aerogel structure is expected to afford new flexible, lightweight, and wearable protective materials.…”