A review on oral cancer biomarkers: Understanding the past and learning from the present

Santosh, Arvind Babu Rajendra; Jones, Thaon; Harvey, John N.

doi:10.4103/0973-1482.176414

Cited by 86 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…94 Identifying germ line mutations which may serve as biomarkers for predicting OC-susceptible individuals and/or who may respond differently to a particular cancer therapy is very important. 4 In addition to this, studying genetic mutations and aberrations in tumor cells, all together provide a window of opportunity for defining treatment strategies for OC. Recent data demonstrate that OC is a mutationally heterogeneous class of cancer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, mutations within genetic loci are used for very early cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and predicting therapeutic responses. [4][5][6] Advances in methods and technology in the field of genomics are now expected to enable construction of a comprehensive panel of genes that may be targeted for defining treatment strategies for OC.…”

Section: Signature Of Genetic Associations In Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Signature of genetic associations in oral cancer

Sharma

Nandan²,

Sharma

et al. 2017

Tumour Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oral cancer etiology is complex and controlled by multi-factorial events including genetic events. Candidate gene studies, genome-wide association studies, and next-generation sequencing identified various chromosomal loci to be associated with oral cancer. There is no available review that could give us the comprehensive picture of genetic loci identified to be associated with oral cancer by candidate gene studies-based, genome-wide association studies-based, and nextgeneration sequencing-based approaches. A systematic literature search was performed in the PubMed database to identify the loci associated with oral cancer by exclusive candidate gene studies-based, genome-wide association studies-based, and next-generation sequencing-based study approaches. The information of loci associated with oral cancer is made online through the resource "ORNATE." Next, screening of the loci validated by candidate gene studies and next-generation sequencing approach or by two independent studies within candidate gene studies or nextgeneration sequencing approaches were performed. A total of 264 loci were identified to be associated with oral cancer by candidate gene studies, genome-wide association studies, and next-generation sequencing approaches. In total, 28 loci, that is, 14q32.33, and 5q14.2 (XRCC4), were validated to be associated with oral cancer. "ORNATE" gives a snapshot of genetic loci associated with oral cancer. All 28 loci were validated to be linked to oral cancer for which further fine-mapping followed by geneby-gene and gene-environment interaction studies is needed to confirm their involvement in modifying oral cancer.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signature Of Genetic Associations In Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Signature of genetic associations in oral cancer

Sharma

Nandan²,

Sharma

et al. 2017

Tumour Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The National Cancer Institute defines a biomarker as any molecule found in fluids or tissues that is a sign of a physiological or pathological process. 42 Identification of EGFR as an indicator of malignant transformation is based on its overexpression in potentially malignant samples as leukoplakia and oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). 16 The expression of EGFR varies according to the degree of OED; expression is greater with increasing malignancy.…”

Section: Detection Methods Of Egfr In Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation and detection methods of EGFR in oral cancer. A narrative review.

Somarriva

Fernández²,

Candia

et al. 2016

J Oral Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, with an intracellular domain and tyrosine kinase function (TK) involved in cell proliferation. Dysfunctions in EGFR signaling pathways have been associated with oral malignant tumors such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Dysfunctions of EGFR may result from: increased EGF ligand; EGFR overexpression and copy number gain of the EGFR gene (EGFR CNG); EGFR mutations; failure in the downregulation of EGFR; and EGFR crosstalk. Of these alterations, overexpression of EGFR is by far the most studied dysfunction in OSCC. Clinicians should identify possible alterations of EGFR in the oral mucosa of patients, as EGFR can act as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC. Currently, there are several methods and techniques for detecting EGFR. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are used to identify overexpression of EGFR, EGFR CNG and EGFR mutations, respectively. Detection of EGFR as a biomarker is key to identify any oral malignant transformation. Consequently, it becomes imperative to implement a non-invasive and inexpensive method of early diagnosis for OSCC in clinical practice.

show abstract

“…Amongst these, cell‐free RNAs and miRNAs are emerging as promising tool for non‐invasive approaches due to their efficacy and ability in detecting the gene expression of tumor‐specific transcripts unlike their cfDNA counterparts . These circulatory RNAs and miRNAs have been isolated from the plasma or serum samples of various malignancies and have a potential role in early risk prediction, assessment of disease progression and relapse, real‐time monitoring of therapies, and identification of therapeutic targets . Moreover, saliva, a bodily fluid comprising of various proteins, desquamated epithelial cells, cell‐free DNA and RNA, and other components, is rising to be a source for liquid biopsies particularly in malignancies such as head and neck cancers considering its close proximity to the oral cavity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8] These circulatory RNAs and miRNAs have been isolated from the plasma or serum samples of various malignancies and have a potential role in early risk prediction, assessment of disease progression and relapse, real-time monitoring of therapies, and identification of therapeutic targets. [9][10][11][12] Moreover, saliva, a bodily fluid comprising of various proteins, desquamated epithelial cells, cell-free DNA and RNA, and other components, is rising to be a source for liquid biopsies particularly in malignancies such as head and neck cancers considering its close proximity to the oral cavity. 13,14 Although this approach is extremely promising, the stability of RNA and miRNAs in the bodily fluids has been questioned time and again attributed to the numerous RNases compelling it to degrade quickly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%