A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites

Huang, Zheng‐Ming; Zhang, Yanzhong; Kotaki, Masaya; Ramakrishna, Seeram

doi:10.1016/s0266-3538(03)00178-7

Cited by 6,925 publications

(4,605 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…This is attributed to the viscosity of these solutions ( Table 1) which hindered solvent evaporation, so that the polymer jets have no time to be stretched into fibres before break up due to the centrifugal force overcoming the limited tensile strength of any initially-formed polymer skeleton at the liquid-air interface. The tapered tail (see arrow in as high efficiency filtering membranes and protective clothing due to its high large specific surface area, narrow mesh apertures and good mechanical properties [24,25].…”

Section: Fibre Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beads, beaded-fibres and fibres: Tailoring the morphology of poly(caprolactone) using pressurised gyration

Hong

Edirisinghe

Muthusubramanian

2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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This work focuses on forming bead on string poly(caprolactone) (PCL) by using gyration under pressure. The fibre morphology of bead on string is an interesting feature that falls between bead-free fibres and droplets, and it could be effectively controlled by the rheological properties of spinning dopes and the major processing parameters of the pressurised gyration system which are working pressure and rotating speed. Bead products were not always spherical in shape and tender to be more elliptical, therefore both their width and length were measured. The average bead width and length produced spanned a range 145 -660µm and 140 -1060µm, respectively. The average distance between two adjacent beads (i.e. inter-bead distance) and the bead size (width and length) are shown to be a function of processing parameters and polymer concentration. An interesting morphology i.e. beads with short fibre was observed when using a high polymer concentration. Bead on string structure agglomeration was promoted by a low polymer concentration. Formation of droplets or agglomerated bead on string is promoted below 5wt% polymer concentration, and beads with short fibre were present in the microstructure beyond a polymer concentration of 20 wt%.

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Section: Fibre Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Beads, beaded-fibres and fibres: Tailoring the morphology of poly(caprolactone) using pressurised gyration

Hong

Edirisinghe

Muthusubramanian

2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…18,19 Furthermore, numerous investigations by means of analytical and experimental methodologies have been conducted to study the fundamental physics and chemistry of electrospinning for further improvement and control, such as the effects of polymer solution concentration, applied voltage, and electrode-to-collector distance. 4,[20][21][22] Here we report experiments of controllable electrospinning based on a new type of "near-field" electrospinning (NFES). Figure 1A illustrates the schematic setup of NFES that merges several disparate concepts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-Field Electrospinning

et al. 2006

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A near-field electrospinning (NFES) process has been developed to deposit solid nanofibers in a direct, continuous, and controllable manner. A tungsten electrode with tip diameter of 25 µm is used to construct nanofibers of 50−500 nm line width on silicon-based collectors while the liquid polymer solution is supplied in a manner analogous to that of a dip pen. The minimum applied bias voltage is 600 V, and minimum electrode-to-collector distance is 500 µm to achieve position controllable deposition. Charged nanofibers can be orderly collected, making NFES a potential tool in direct write nanofabrication for a variety of materials.Electrically driven liquid jets and the stability of electrically charged droplets have been studied for hundreds of years, 1,2 while the practical apparatus of electrospinning, in which a charged jet of polymer solution is deposited onto a collector under the influence of an electrical field, dated back in 1934. 3 The feasibility to construct long and continuous polymeric, 4-6 ceramic, 7 and composite 8 nanofibers as well as nanotubes 9 with diameters less than 100 nm has been demonstrated using electrospinning. Typical applications include bioscaffolding, 10 wound dressing, 11 and filtrations 12 to name a few. Researchers have further explored the possibilities of using electrospun nanofibers in fabricating micro-and nanodevices such as field effect transistors, 13 gas 14 and optical sensors, 15 and deposition of DNA on functional chips. 16 In these and other applications, the controllability of the electrospinning process is critical. Unfortunately, current setup of electrospinning is unstable in nature as it relies on the chaotic whipping of liquid jets to generate nanofibers. Limited works toward the control of electrospinning have emerged, including aligning nanofibers by electrical field 17 and using rotational mechanical mandrels. 18,19 Furthermore, numerous investigations by means of analytical and experimental methodologies have been conducted to study the fundamental physics and chemistry of electrospinning for further improvement and control, such as the effects of polymer solution concentration, applied voltage, and electrode-to-collector distance. 4,[20][21][22] Here we report experiments of controllable electrospinning based on a new type of "near-field" electrospinning (NFES). Figure 1A illustrates the schematic setup of NFES that merges several disparate concepts. First, the electrode-to-collector distance, h, is in the range of 500 µm to 3 mm to utilize the stable liquid jets region for controllable deposition. Second, a solid tungsten spinneret of 25 µm tip diameter as illustrated in Figure 1B is used in NFES to achieve nanofibers with sub-100-nm resolution. Third, the applied electrostatic voltage is reduced due to the short electrode-to-collector distance while the electrical field in the tip region maintains the strength in the range of 10 7 V/m as those used in conventional electrospinning to activate the process. Fourth, discrete droplets of polymer solu...

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“…weaving). This article is a contribution to solving this issue and thus adds findings from previously published works in the field of theoretical and experimental analysis of the mechanical properties of nanofibres [see [1][2][3] or the method of their production [see [4][5][6][7][8][9][10], which affects the mechanical properties of nanofibres.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Mechanical Properties Of Traditional And Nanofibre Textiles

Ursíny

Bílek

Moučková

et al. 2015

Autex Research Journal

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This study deals with a comparison of mechanical properties of a conventional yarn and a textile from nanofibres. The conventional yarn represents the textile objects with high degree of orientation of fibres and the textile from nanofibres represents the textile objects with low degree of orientation of fibres. The theoretical section is concerned with the issue of internal structure of plied yarn and resulting differences in the orientation and straightening of fibres and in utilisation of deformation properties of fibres in comparison to the referred nano textile. The experimental section describes the manner of realisation of both static and dynamic tests of conventional yarn and strips of nanofibres. The results show differences in the mechanical properties of conventional yarn and textile strip from nanofibres under static and dynamic loading conditions. The processing technology of conventional yarn has been verified in the long term. But textiles from nanofibres are a relatively new material and mechanical properties of the detected differences point out possible problems with their behaviour during standard technological processes.

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A review on polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and their applications in nanocomposites

Cited by 6,925 publications

References 112 publications

Beads, beaded-fibres and fibres: Tailoring the morphology of poly(caprolactone) using pressurised gyration

Beads, beaded-fibres and fibres: Tailoring the morphology of poly(caprolactone) using pressurised gyration

Near-Field Electrospinning

Mechanical Properties Of Traditional And Nanofibre Textiles

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