A Review on Prevention Interventions to Decrease Diarrheal Diseases’ Burden in Children

Webb, Camille M.; Cabada, Miguel M.

doi:10.1007/s40475-018-0134-x

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Diarrhea episodes contribute significantly to general hospital admissions particularly in the under 5 years old age group. These can cause or contribute significantly to nutritional disorders, worsen underlying medical conditions and can be worsened by underlying comorbidities (Webb & Cabada, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of diarrhea episodes and seeking medical treatment among children under five years: Insights from the Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey (2015–2016)

Musuka¹,

Dzinamarira

Murewanhema

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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Diarrhea is a significant pediatric public health concern globally and places a significant burden on healthcare systems. In resource-limited settings, the problems of diarrhea could be worse than reported. Continuously monitoring and understanding the changing epidemiology of diarrhea, including risk factors, remain an important aspect necessary to design effective public health interventions to reduce the incidence, outcomes and strain on healthcare resources caused by diarrheal illness. We, therefore, undertook this study to understand the factors associated with diarrhea as well as describe determinants for seeking medical treatment in children underfive in Zimbabwe using the Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey 2015-2016 Data. Children with recent diarrhea were on average younger (mean age 22 months), compared to those who did not have an episode of diarrhea (mean age 30 months) p = .001. Incidence of recent diarrhea was lower among female children compared to their male counterparts (16% vs. 19%), p = .013. Incidence of diarrhea decreased with increasing maternal education level and so was the same for increasing wealth quintile. Those with unimproved sources of drinking water had a higher incidence of diarrhea. The wealth quintile remained the only factor associated with seeking medical attention for a recent diarrhea episode among children less than 6 years, with those in the highest wealth quintile being 2.49 times likely to do so, p = .031.The results are useful in informing pediatric public health policies and strategies for them to be successful in significantly reducing the incidence, morbidity, mortality and significant healthcare costs and burden to society associated with caring for children with diarrheal illnesses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of diarrhea episodes and seeking medical treatment among children under five years: Insights from the Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey (2015–2016)

Musuka¹,

Dzinamarira

Murewanhema

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…Hence, its preventive measure needs to be evaluated rather than its treatment. In addition, a recent review showed WASH interventions are affordable and effective in minimizing diarrhea burden [10], so a number of good research on water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention have been successfully done in Pakistan [11], Ethiopia [12], and India [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of WASH Education to Prevent Diarrhea among Children under five in a Community of Patuakhali, Bangladesh

Begum

Banna

Akter

et al. 2020

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

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Diarrhea is a leading cause of death among under five children in developing countries. The burden of child diarrhea in Bangladesh is still significant. Safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) can limit the events. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of WASH education of mothers or caregivers on child diarrhea. A community-based randomized control trial was conducted in the selected households of a rural community in Dumki Upazila, Patuakhali from March-June 2019. A total of 202 mothers/caregivers received intervention and 202 did not receive intervention. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to gather information on household WASH activities and diarrheal cases. Baseline data were collected first from the intervention group before providing education. WASH messages were given to the intervention group by face-to-face discussion. Both groups were followed up for diarrheal episodes for 3 months. Diarrheal prevalence of intervening group is compared with that of baseline and control. The results revealed that diarrheal prevalence was 11.4% (95% CI: 7.4-16.59%), 4.0% (95% CI: 1.7-7.65%), and 14.9% (95% CI: 10.25-20.52%) in baseline, intervention, and control group, respectively. Also, diarrhea was found lower in the intervention group than baseline (Z = − 2.524; P value = 0.012) and control (Z = − 1.85; P value = 0.04). WASH interventions were found effective to reduce the diarrheal episodes among under five children in rural community. Further investigation is necessary to assess the long-term effect of such intervention in other similar settings.

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“…Excreta that is unsafely managed can leach into the environment, polluting surface water and groundwater. This has significant public health consequences: about 88% of all diarrheal deaths are attributed to inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) systems and diarrheal disease caused over 71 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost in 2010 [2,3]. This global sanitation crisis is "rooted in aspects of poverty, power, and inequality" [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Modelling of Moisture Sorption Isotherm and Heat of Sorption of Fresh Feces

Remington

Bourgault

Dorea

2020

Water

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The drying (or dewatering) of fresh feces and fecal sludge is a productive step in the management of sanitation, waste treatment, and resource recovery services. An improved understanding of fresh feces and fecal sludge drying would contribute to the development and deployment of fecal sludge management services. However, there is a lack of available literature on the fundamental drying characteristics of fresh feces. In response to this gap, this work shares experimental results for equilibrium moisture content of fresh feces at different water activity levels (aw) and proposes the use of the Guggenheim, Anderson, and de Boer (GAB) model for predicting aw, calculating the heat of sorption, and estimating the corresponding energy requirements for drying of fresh feces. This is the first time this work has been done with fresh feces. The total heat of evaporation was significant up to a moisture content of about 0.2 kg water per kg dry solids. In addition to informing drying process design, the sorption isotherm can be used to predict microbial activity, which could improve the management of feces and fecal sludge from a public health perspective. These data in turn will be used to promote access to dignified, safe, and sustainable sanitation.

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A Review on Prevention Interventions to Decrease Diarrheal Diseases’ Burden in Children

Cited by 14 publications

References 80 publications

Associations of diarrhea episodes and seeking medical treatment among children under five years: Insights from the Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey (2015–2016)

Associations of diarrhea episodes and seeking medical treatment among children under five years: Insights from the Zimbabwe Demographic Health Survey (2015–2016)

Effectiveness of WASH Education to Prevent Diarrhea among Children under five in a Community of Patuakhali, Bangladesh

Measurement and Modelling of Moisture Sorption Isotherm and Heat of Sorption of Fresh Feces

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