A review on processing methods and functions of wheat germ-derived bioactive peptides

Weng, Zebin; Chen, Yuanrong; Liang, Tingting; Lin, Yajuan; Cao, Hui; Song, Haizhao; Xiong, Ling; Wang, Fang; Shen, Xinchun; Xiao, Jianbo

doi:10.1080/10408398.2021.2021139

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Nuclear transcription factor kappa (NF-κB), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ (PPARα/γ), liver X receptor α (LXRα), protein kinase B (Akt), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are considered as important molecular targets for betaine in ameliorating liver diseases (Weng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study showed that wheat germ had anti‐inflammatory effects on primary dysmenorrhea in a triple‐blinded clinical trail (Atallahi et al, 2014). It is stated that wheat germ is a rich source of bioactive components with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties (Atallahi et al, 2014; Karami et al, 2019; Weng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Betaine is closely associated with inhibition of the inflammatory response, improvement of insulin resistance, and alleviation of liver oxidative stress. Nuclear transcription factor kappa (NF‐κB), AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α/γ (PPAR‐α/γ), liver X receptor α (LXRα), protein kinase B (Akt), toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) are considered as important molecular targets for betaine in ameliorating liver diseases (Weng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat germ improves hepatic steatosis, hepatic enzymes, and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind clinical trial

Salehi‐Sahlabadi

Kord‐Varkaneh

Kocaadam-Bozkurt

et al. 2022

Phytotherapy Research

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Globally, Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a rising prevalence with no definitive pharmacological treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical effects of wheat germ in patients with NAFLD. Fifty participants with NAFLD were randomly allocated to take 40 g wheat germ (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25) in a randomized double‐blind clinical trial over 12 weeks. Transient elastography (FibroScan) determined a diagnosis of NAFLD. After 12 weeks of intervention, reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.006) and γ‐glutamyltransferase (p = 0.004), total cholesterol (p = 0.018), triglyceride (p = 0.046), and hepatic steatosis (p = 0.043) levels in the wheat germ group was significantly higher compared to the placebo group. Serum TAC levels in wheat germ group patients increased significantly higher than placebo group (p = 0.001). Reduction in serum hs‐CRP level in the wheat germ group was significantly higher than in the placebo group (p = 0.031). In conclusion, our study shows that wheat germ consumption may improve total antioxidant capacity, hepatic steatosis, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and Gamma‐glutamyl Transferase (GGT) in NAFLD patients. Longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm biological effects of wheat germ on NAFLD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wheat germ improves hepatic steatosis, hepatic enzymes, and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind clinical trial

Salehi‐Sahlabadi

Kord‐Varkaneh

Kocaadam-Bozkurt

et al. 2022

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit the production of free radicals generated by oxidation reactions, which can cause cell damage in organisms. Natural antioxidants, particularly from medicinal plants, are known to have excellent antioxidant capacity and have become a research hotspot (Teng et al, 2022; Weng et al, 2021). Cordycepin exhibits antioxidant activity through modulating intracellular antioxidant and oxidant enzymes, antioxidants, and oxidants.…”

Section: The Pharmacological Action Of Cordycepinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cordycepin: A review of strategies to improve the bioavailability and efficacy

Chen

Luo

Jiang

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

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Cordycepin is a bioactive compound extracted from Cordyceps militaris. As a natural antibiotic, cordycepin has a wide variety of pharmacological effects. Unfortunately, this highly effective natural antibiotic is proved to undergo rapid deamination by adenosine deaminase (ADA) in vivo and, as a consequence, its half‐life is shortened and bioavailability is decreased. Therefore, it is of critical importance to work out ways to slow down the deamination so as to increase its bioavailability and efficacy. This study reviews recent researches on a series of aspects of cordycepin such as the bioactive molecule's pharmacological action, metabolism and transformation as well as the underlying mechanism, pharmacokinetics and, particularly, the methods for reducing the degradation to improve the bioavailability and efficacy. It is drawn that there are three methods that can be applied to improve the bioavailability and efficacy: to co‐administrate an ADA inhibitor and cordycepin, to develop more effective derivatives via structural modification, and to apply new drug delivery systems. The new knowledge can help optimize the application of the highly potent natural antibiotic‐cordycepin and develop novel therapeutic strategies.

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“…Wheat germ oil (WGO) is produced from the wheat germ by a milling process, and the wheat endosperm contains approximately 10% oil. WGO has broad applications in the food industry as well as in the cosmetic industry [ 4 , 5 ]. WGO is believed to have medical value, and the protein content of WGO has been reported to be a rich source of amino acids such as methionine, threonine, and lysine [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Insight into Wheat Germ Oil Nutrition, Identification of Its Bioactive Constituents and Computer-Aided Multidimensional Data Analysis of Its Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Molecular Connections

Zargar

Wani

Ahamad

2023

Life

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Wheat germ oil (WGO) is the richest source of unexplored antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds. In this study, we identified the constituents of WGO by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The physicochemical and pharmacokinetic behaviors were evaluated for the top 12 constituents with the common target FABP4. Three fatty acids with significant anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated for their interaction with FABP4 by molecular docking. The molecular mechanisms involved in anti-inflammatory responses were analyzed by various in- silico analytical tools and multidimensional data analysis. WGO showed anti-inflammatory activities via FABP4 interacting physically with target genes (77.84%) and by co-expressing with 8.01% genes. Primary targets for inflammatory pathways were PPARα, PPARγ, LPL, LEP, and ADIPOQ, as depicted by gene network enrichment analysis. The key pathways implicated were the metabolism of lipids, PPAR signaling, cellular response to alcohol, oxygen and nitrogen pathway, inflammatory response pathway, and regulation of the inflammatory pathway. The common transcription factors implicated were HNF1, AP2α, CEBP, FOX, STATS, MYC, Zic, etc. In this study, we found that WGO possesses anti-inflammatory potential via FABP4 binding to PPARα, PPARγ, LPL, LEP, and ADIPOQ gene expression by regulatory transcription factors HNF, AP2α, and CEPB.

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A review on processing methods and functions of wheat germ-derived bioactive peptides

Cited by 17 publications

References 101 publications

Wheat germ improves hepatic steatosis, hepatic enzymes, and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind clinical trial

Wheat germ improves hepatic steatosis, hepatic enzymes, and metabolic and inflammatory parameters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind clinical trial

Cordycepin: A review of strategies to improve the bioavailability and efficacy

An Insight into Wheat Germ Oil Nutrition, Identification of Its Bioactive Constituents and Computer-Aided Multidimensional Data Analysis of Its Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Molecular Connections

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