A review on sustainable use of agricultural straw and husk biomass ashes: Transitioning towards low carbon economy

Adhikary, Suman Kumar; Ashish, Deepankar Kumar; Rudžionis, Žymantas

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156407

Cited by 38 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…[19,37]. These findings are consistent with what has been documented in the literature [38]. Moreover, the compressive strength of blends with WSA increased at a higher rate than that of those with ESPA.…”

Section: Compressive Strength Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Recycling of Eggshell Powder and Wheat Straw Ash as Cement Replacement Materials in Mortar

Hussein,

Ghayyib,

Radi

et al. 2024

Civ Eng J

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Cement is among the important contributors to carbon dioxide emissions in modern society. Researchers are studying solutions to reduce the cement content in concrete to minimize the negative impact on the environment. Among these solutions is replacing cement with other materials, such as waste, which also poses environmental damage and requires landfill areas for disposal. Among these wastes are eggshell powder ash (ESPA) and wheat straw ash (WSA), which were utilized as cement substitutes in green mortar production. Thirteen mixtures were cast, one as a reference without replacement and twelve others that included replacing ESPA and WSA (single and combined) with cement in 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% proportions of cement's weight. The mechanical (compressive and flexural strength), microstructural (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTA) properties of all mixtures were examined. The results showed a remarkable improvement in mechanical properties, and the best improvement was recorded for the (4%ESPA+4%WSA) mixture, which reached 73.3% in compressive strength and 56% in flexural strength, superior to the reference mixture. Furthermore, SEM analyses showed a dense and compact microstructure for the ESPA and WSA-based mortars. Therefore, the WSA and ESPA wastes can be recycled and utilized as a substitute for cement to produce an eco-friendly binder that significantly improves the microstructural and mechanical characteristics of mortar. In addition, combining the two materials also presents a viable option for creating a sustainable ternary blended binder (with cement) that boasts superior properties compared to using the WSA or ESPA individually. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-01-05 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Compressive Strength Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The flexural strength of concrete influences its deflection, shear strength, and brittleness [38]. As a result, flexural strength is an essential design feature.…”

Section: Flexural Strength Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of Eggshell Powder and Wheat Straw Ash as Cement Replacement Materials in Mortar

Hussein,

Ghayyib,

Radi

et al. 2024

Civ Eng J

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“…Utilizing waste materials as a substitute for foamed concrete components such as cement and sand is one of the most prevalent approaches (Ashish, 2019;Mehta & Ashish, 2020). Wastes from the agricultural (Adhikary et al, 2022a(Adhikary et al, , 2022bChinnu et al, 2021;Shah et al, 2021), mining (Shah et al, 2021), industrial (Adhikary & Ashish, 2022;Adhikary et al, 2021aAdhikary et al, , 2021bAdhikary et al, , 2021cAshish, 2019;Ashish & Verma, 2021;Chinnu et al, 2021;Mehta & Ashish, 2020), and construction (Adhikary et al, 2022b;Rudžionis et al, 2021;Shah et al, 2021) industries can potentially be used in concrete on a global scale. Abraham et al (2021) aimed to produce LFC by substituting 10% palm oil fuel ash (POFA) for cement and 50% and 100% POC for mining sand (MS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Palm Oil Clinker as Cement and Sand Replacement Materials in Foamed Concrete

Salari,

Alengaram,

Alnahhal

et al. 2023

Journal of Civil Engineering and Management

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Cellular lightweight concrete (CLC), also known as foamed concrete, has been extensively used in construction for decades. Foamed concrete’s properties include low density, excellent thermal conductivity, great workability, and selfcompaction; these features enable foamed concrete to be utilized in various contexts. However, the excessive use of conventional materials in concrete production harms the environment. Therefore, using agro-waste as a material to construct ecologically sustainable structures has numerous practical and financial benefits. Palm oil clinker (POC) is a waste product resulting from solid waste combustion during palm oil extraction. This research focused on the properties of foamed concrete with POC at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% as the fine aggregate replacement to develop lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) with a density of 1300 kg/m3. Besides, the potential of POC powder (POCP) and thermally activated POCP (TPOCP) at 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% as cement replacements was examined. The development of compressive strength during a 90-day curing period was investigated. In addition, tensile and flexural strengths were assessed and reported, and the elastic modulus of the LFC was discussed. The transport properties of water absorption, porosity, and sorptivity were also investigated. The durability of concrete derivatives can exhibit the product’s resistance to chemical attacks and environmental conditions. After 75 days of immersion in hydrochloric acid and magnesium sulfate, the chemical resistivity of the produced LFC was determined by measuring the loss in weight and compressive strength. In addition, the effects of elevated temperatures on the LFC were determined by analyzing the mass loss and compressive strength degradation of specimens exposed to temperatures ranging from 200 to 800 °C. The test results demonstrated that the complete replacement of sand with POC enhanced the compressive strength of LFC by more than 50%. Similarly, POC-based LFC had higher flexural and tensile strengths than normal LFC. Besides, substituting 20% of cement with TPOCP could improve the strength of LFC by 23% during the initial curing days. Utilizing the optimal proportions of POC and POCP could enhance the residual strengths of LFC. Therefore, POC has the potential to be utilized as a fine aggregate and cementitious material to produce sustainable concrete.

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“…The unused byproducts of rice straw in the field are generally burnt, resulting in economic waste and environmental air pollution [ 2 , 4 , 5 ], especially in areas where rice crops are widely cultivated. A more efficient way of use may help to add value and decrease the disposal of these by-products that can become a serious problem for the environment in many ways [ 6 , 7 ]. The opportunity of using the by-products from brewer’s spent grain provided from black beer production as a fortifying ingredient in bakery products was reported to potentially increase nutritional values and volatile compounds that can benefit human health [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Asia, the rice crop is grown and consumed as the main source of energy among the populace; the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that approximately 740 million tons of rice are harvested worldwide, of which 90% (approximately 670 million tons) is produced and consumed in Asia, including Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines, Indonesia, India, and Bangladesh [ 9 ]. It has been calculated based on the harvest index that every kilogram of rice grain is accompanied by the production of 1.0–1.5 kg of straw that is disposed of as waste each year [ 7 , 10 ]. Recent studies have reported that these byproducts contain bioactive compounds such as amino acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, vitamin E, γ-oryzanol, and pigmented compounds that have potential benefits for human health [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Anthocyanin, Phenol, and Antioxidant Capacity in Straw among Rice Varieties and Growing Locations as a Potential Source of Natural Bioactive Compounds

Jumrus

Yamuangmorn

Veeradittakit

et al. 2022

Plants

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This study evaluated the variation in bioactive compounds (anthocyanins, phenols, and antioxidants) among 22 rice varieties in the same growing locations and among four varieties collected from eight different provinces in Northern Thailand. Wide variation in anthocyanins, phenols, and antioxidant capacity was established, ranging from 1.6 to 33.0 mg/100 g, 249.9 to 477.7 mg gallic acid/100 g, and 0 to 3,288.5 mg trolox equivalent/100 g, respectively. The highest straw anthocyanin and phenol concentrations were found in KDK (a traditional photoperiod-sensitive variety with purple pericarp and leaves) and K4 (an advanced, photoperiod-insensitive variety with purple pericarp and leaves), while the highest antioxidant capacity was found in KH CMU (an improved traditional photoperiod sensitive variety with a purple pericarp and green leaves) and K4. The variation of the bioactive compounds was also found in the same variety grown at different locations, e.g., the KDMl105 grown in Prayao province had a straw anthocyanin concentration higher than when grown in Mae Hong Son province. The effect was also observed in phenol content and antioxidant capacity when the same rice variety was grown across various locations. A significant correlation between total phenol and antioxidant capacity was observed across rice varieties and growing locations but was not found between anthocyanin and antioxidant capacity. This study found that the bioactive compounds in rice straw varied among rice varieties and growing locations. Straw phenol acts as a major antioxidant that can be used as a characteristic for the selection of rice varieties with high antioxidant capacity for use at the industrial scale for the processing of food, pharmaceuticals, and medicinal products.

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A review on sustainable use of agricultural straw and husk biomass ashes: Transitioning towards low carbon economy

Cited by 38 publications

References 84 publications

Recycling of Eggshell Powder and Wheat Straw Ash as Cement Replacement Materials in Mortar

Recycling of Eggshell Powder and Wheat Straw Ash as Cement Replacement Materials in Mortar

Performance Evaluation of Palm Oil Clinker as Cement and Sand Replacement Materials in Foamed Concrete

Variation of Anthocyanin, Phenol, and Antioxidant Capacity in Straw among Rice Varieties and Growing Locations as a Potential Source of Natural Bioactive Compounds

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