A Review on The Chemical Compositions of Natural Products and Their Role in Setting Current Trends and Future Goals

The purpose of this research was to examine the viability of applying a flawless polyaniline coating on steel spearheads to preserve them and protect them from corrosion. The spearpoints, thought to be archaeologically significant, were acquired from the Military Museum in Al-Qala, Egypt. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize the spearheads chemical composition and microstructure (EDX). The spearheads were determined to be constructed of steel and to have a coating of ferric oxide and other corrosion products on their exteriors. After that, a flawless polyaniline coating was electrochemically deposited onto the spearpoints in a way that was both quick and cheap. Many types of corrosion tests, such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) readings, were used to determine the coating’s effectiveness. The steel spearheads’ findings revealed a significant improvement in their resistance to corrosion after being coated with flawless polyaniline. The coating served as a barrier, blocking out water and other corrosive substances and slowing the buildup of corrosion byproducts on the spearpoints. In conclusion, our research shows that a flawless polyaniline coating may be an effective anti-corrosion treatment for ancient steel artifacts. The approach is straightforward, cheap, and readily scalable for massive conservation efforts.

Section: Explanation Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Flawless polyaniline coating for preservation and corrosion protection of ancient steel spearheads: an archaeological study from military museum, Al-Qala, Egypt

Megahed,

Elashery,

Saleh

et al. 2024

“…The rate of corrosion was determined based on the assumption that it was uniform throughout the whole surface of the coupons. Using the following formula, we were able to determine the corrosion rate in mils per year (mpy) based on the weight loss 48 : where W = weight loss in grams, k = constant (22,300), D = metal density in g/cm 3 , A = coupon area (inch 2 ) and t = time (days).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-effective and green additives of pozzolanic material derived from the waste of alum sludge for successful replacement of portland cement

Mohamed

Farghali

Eessaa

et al. 2022

The major objective of this study was to examine the viability of using 5, 10, or 15 mass% of Activated Alum Sludge waste (AAS) instead of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) as a pozzolanic ingredient in concrete. This fundamental inquiry framed the investigation and OPC-AAS-hardened composites were studied to see whether they may benefit from inexpensive nanocomposites in terms of improved physical properties, mechanical strength, and resistance to heat and flame. The investigation set out to see how inexpensive nanocomposite might be put to use and the nanoparticles of CuFe2O4 spinel with an average size of less than 50 nm were successfully manufactured. Many different OPC-AAS-hardened composites benefit from the addition of CuFe2O4 spinel, which increases the composites' resistance to fire and enhances their physicomechanical properties at roughly average curing ages. Synthesized CuFe2O4 spinel was shown to have desirable characteristics by TGA/DTG and XRD. By using these methods, we were able to identify a broad variety of hydration yields, including C–S–Hs, C–A–S–Hs, C–F–S–Hs, and Cu–S–Hs, that enhance the physicomechanical properties and thermal resistivity of OPC-AAS-hardened composites as a whole. The composite material comprising 90% OPC, 10% AAS waste, and 2% CuFe2O4 has several positive economic and environmental outcomes.

“…Problems of essential importance, resulting in large economic losses on a global scale, are brought on by corrosion [11][12][13][14][15] . Pure metals undergo an electrochemical reaction when exposed to a salty media, which results in the formation of chemically more stable compounds such as oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide [16][17][18][19] . This makes the process thermodynamically plausible and since it is useful in a wide variety of technical applications, mild steel is used in many different industries, including the automotive, aerospace, petroleum production and refining, maritime application, chemical, and military sectors 20 .…”

Section: Corrosion Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vicia faba peel extracts bearing fatty acids moieties as a cost-effective and green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in marine water: computational and electrochemical studies

Abdelshafeek

Abdallah

El‐Sayed

et al. 2022

The goal of this research is to determine what chemicals are present in two different extracts (hexane and acetone) of Vicia faba (family Fabaceae, VF) peels and evaluate their effectiveness as a corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in a saline media containing 3.5% sodium chloride. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to determine the composition of various extracts. It was determined that fourteen different chemicals were present in the hexane extract, the most prominent of which were octacosane, tetrasodium tetracontane, palmitic acid, and ethyl palmitate. Heptacosane, lauric acid, myristic acid, ethyl palmitate, and methyl stearate were some of the 13 chemicals found in the acetone extract. Using open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarisation, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic techniques, we can approximate the inhibitory effects of (VF) extracts on mild steel. The most effective inhibitory concentrations were found to be 200 ppm for both the hexane and acetone extracts (97.84% for the hexane extract and 88.67% for the acetone extract). Evaluation experiments were conducted at 298 K, with a 3.5% (wt/v) NaCl content and a flow velocity of about 250 rpm. Langmuir adsorption isotherm shows that the two extracts function as a mixed-type inhibitor in nature. Docking models were used to investigate the putative mechanism of corrosion inhibition, and GC/MS was used to identify the major and secondary components of the two extracts. Surface roughness values were calculated after analyzing the morphology of the metal's surface with and without (VF) using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that throughout the surface of the mild steel, a thick adsorbate layer was formed. Quantum chemical calculations conducted on the two extracts as part of the theoretical research of quantum chemical calculation demonstrated a connection between the experimental analysis results and the theoretical study of the major chemical components.