A review on the methods of preparation of elemental boron

Zhou, Jiao–Jiao; Bai, Peng

doi:10.1002/apj.1892

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Amorphous boron particles with small size, narrow size distribution and high purity are very significant in the hightech fields [32]. Therefore, this method and its scale up are very important for many industries such as metallurgy, aerospace industry, etc.…”

Section: Morphology and Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of nanoboron powders prepared with mechanochemical reaction between B2O3 and Mg powders

Seifolazadeh

Mohammadi

2016

Bull Mater Sci

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Amorphous boron powders with small particle size, narrow size distribution and high purity are very important in the high-tech fields. Mechanochemical synthesis was used to prepare amorphous boron nanoparticles. Synthesis process stage was carried out using stoichiometric amounts of B 2 O 3 and Mg powders (6.7 g). Milling was carried out under argon atmosphere in the high-energy planetary ball mill with a ball-to-powder weight ratio (32 : 1) for 10 h. The vial rotation speed was about 440 rpm. Milled products were leached by 28% hydrochloric acid (only one) to remove impurities. Boron powders were obtained after centrifuging, decanting, washing and drying operations. Sample was characterized by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ICP results showed that boron powders with purity about 91 wt% can be prepared in the planetary ball mill. Also, the leached powders had an amorphous structure. According to the SEM observation, average particle size of boron powders was smaller than 32 nm and the yield of synthesized nanoboron was more than 74%.

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Section: Morphology and Particle Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of nanoboron powders prepared with mechanochemical reaction between B2O3 and Mg powders

Seifolazadeh

Mohammadi

2016

Bull Mater Sci

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“…[2a, b] The most direct way to remove the B 2 O 3 surface layer is solvent purification. [3] Different from boron, B 2 O 3 is soluble in ethanol and hot water. Accordingly, rinsing in ethanol or hot water is effective in removing B 2 O 3 layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting the combustion properties of boron powder through in‐situ coating

Piao

Mao

et al. 2022

Nano Select

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Boron powder has been considered as a prime candidate as an additive in solid fuels or propellants. Unfortunately, boron ignition and combustion is hindered by the pre-existing B 2 O 3 surface layer which slows the oxidizer attack on the underlying boron particles. Therefore, removing the pre-existing B 2 O 3 surface layer is critical to improve the ignition and combustion performance of boron. Herein, an in-situ coating strategy is reported to be very effective in removing the pre-existing B 2 O 3 surface layer of boron powder and improving its combustion performance. Through the in-situ coating process in ethanol, flammable 3aminophenol/formaldehyde resin (AF) protection layer will be formed on the surface of the boron powder, replacing the pre-existing B 2 O 3 surface layer, and preventing the surface reoxidation of the boron powder. Comparing with the untreated boron powder, such coated boron powder exhibits higher burning rate and can be ignited at lower temperature. This in-situ coating strategy can not only contribute to the extensive utilization of boron powder in high enthalpy fuels and propellants, but also shed light on the surface modification of functional materials in different fields.

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“…When released into the environment, bulk boron compounds and boric acid (BA) can decompose into nanoparticles (NPs) (Zhou and Bai, 2015). Boron NPs are also manufactured as engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and boron ENMs in the form of boron oxide (nB 2 O 3 ) are used in fuel and propellant applications for their high heats of combustion and rapid energy release rates (Liu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron Oxide Nanoparticles Exhibit Minor, Species-Specific Acute Toxicity to North-Temperate and Amazonian Freshwater Fishes

MacCormack

Gormley

Khuong

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Boron oxide nanoparticles (nB2O3) are manufactured for structural, propellant, and clinical applications and also form spontaneously through the degradation of bulk boron compounds. Bulk boron is not toxic to vertebrates but the distinctive properties of its nanostructured equivalent may alter its biocompatibility. Few studies have addressed this possibility, thus our goal was to gain an initial understanding of the potential acute toxicity of nB2O3 to freshwater fish and we used a variety of model systems to achieve this. Bioactivity was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes and at the whole animal level in three other North and South American fish species using indicators of aerobic metabolism, behavior, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and ionoregulation. nB2O3 reduced O. mykiss hepatocyte oxygen consumption (ṀO2) by 35% at high doses but whole animal ṀO2 was not affected in any species. Spontaneous activity was assessed using ṀO2 frequency distribution plots from live fish. nB2O3 increased the frequency of high ṀO2 events in the Amazonian fish Paracheirodon axelrodi, suggesting exposure enhanced spontaneous aerobic activity. ṀO2 frequency distributions were not affected in the other species examined. Liver lactate accumulation and significant changes in cardiac acetylcholinesterase and gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity were noted in the north-temperate Fundulus diaphanus exposed to nB2O3, but not in the Amazonian Apistogramma agassizii or P. axelrodi. nB2O3 did not induce oxidative stress in any of the species studied. Overall, nB2O3 exhibited modest, species-specific bioactivity but only at doses exceeding predicted environmental relevance. Chronic, low dose exposure studies are required for confirmation, but our data suggest that, like bulk boron, nB2O3 is relatively non-toxic to aquatic vertebrates and thus represents a promising formulation for further development.

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A review on the methods of preparation of elemental boron

Cited by 19 publications

References 66 publications

Synthesis and characterization of nanoboron powders prepared with mechanochemical reaction between B2O3 and Mg powders

Synthesis and characterization of nanoboron powders prepared with mechanochemical reaction between B2O3 and Mg powders

Promoting the combustion properties of boron powder through in‐situ coating

Boron Oxide Nanoparticles Exhibit Minor, Species-Specific Acute Toxicity to North-Temperate and Amazonian Freshwater Fishes

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