A review on the microstructure and properties of TiC and Ti(C,N) based cermets

Aramian, Atefeh; Sadeghian, Zohreh; Narimani, Mohammad; Razavi, Nima; Berto, Filippo

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2023.106320

Cited by 33 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…Thin rims are advantageous for fracture toughness, because thick rims can be more easily passed through by cracks or induce them under loading [ 37 , 38 ]. When the Mo 2 C content exceeds 6 wt.%, excessive Mo 2 C leads to the agglomerations of fine Ti(C,N) particles, which reduce the wettability of the binder phase on the cermet phase [ 39 ]. The excessive Mo 2 C addition inhibits the development of rims surrounding large Ti(C,N) cores as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mo2C Addition on the Tribological Behavior of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermets

Qiu

Pan

et al. 2023

Materials

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Due to the excellent properties of Ti (C,N)-based ceramics, such as high hardness, excellent wear resistance, exceptional thermal deformation resistance, and sound chemical stability, they have been widely used in cutting tools or molds. Thus, revealing their tribological behavior against hard materials is of great significance. Some studies have reported the tribological behavior of Ti(C,N)-based cermets and hard cermets, but so far, the effects of Mo2C additions on the frictional properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets are still unclear. In this study, Ti(C,N)-10WC-1Cr3C2-5Co-10Ni-x Mo2C cermets (x = 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 wt.%) were sintered using a vacuum hot-pressing furnace. Furthermore, the core–rim morphologies of the sintered samples were observed in SEM images. Then, the wear resistance of the cermets was studied against a Si3N4 ball at a 50 N load using the fretting wear test. Finally, the wear mechanism was characterized using a combination of SEM, EDS and XPS. The experimental results indicated that the wear mechanisms of the cermets were mainly abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and the formation of an oxide film. As the content of Mo2C increased from 4 wt.% to 12 wt.%, the friction coefficient and wear volume had a variation law of first decreasing and then decreasing, and reached minimum values at 6 wt.% and 12 wt.%, and the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate were 0.49 and 0.9 × 10−6 mm3/Nm, respectively. The 6 wt.% Mo2C greatly improved the hardness and fracture toughness of the cermet, while the 12 wt.% Mo2C promoted the formation of an oxide film and protected the friction surface. The cermet with 6 wt.% Mo2C is recommended because it has comprehensive advantages in terms of its mechanical properties, tribological properties, and cost.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mo2C Addition on the Tribological Behavior of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermets

Qiu

Pan

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…where ∆m is the mass loss, g; ρ = 5.83 g/cm 3 is the coating density estimated by using the components ratio.…”

Section: Wear Resistance Of Tic-nimo Coating Produced By L-dedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the resulting coatings have a rather high hardness that is not inferior to the published data on similar L-DED coatings, as well as on TiC-NiMo composites produced by conventional PM methods. The hardness of the latter varies from 1000 to 1500 HV [3,49].…”

Section: Wear Resistance Of Tic-nimo Coating Produced By L-dedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shortage and the toxicity of such alloys provided the development of Co-and W-free hard alloys. Various compositions based on titanium carbides, nitrides and borides are being studied as a reinforcing phase [3,4] in a variety of matrices, ranging from steels to high-entropy alloys [5][6][7][8]. Cermets based on titanium carbides and carbonitrides with a metal binder of Ni, Fe and Mo are a promising replacement for hard alloys based on tungsten carbides [1] due to their unique properties despite their somewhat inferior hardness and wear resistance [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure and Wear Resistance of Composite TiC-NiMo Coating Produced by L-DED on Ti-6Al-4V Substrate

Razumov,

Masaylo,

Kovalev

et al. 2023

Metals

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Fabrication of W- and Co-free wear-resistant cermets is a vital task in modern machinery due to the toxicity of Co-based products and poor availability of Co and W containing raw materials. In this paper, a TiC-NiMo coating produced by laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) on a Ti-6Al-4V substrate was demonstrated. Mechanical alloying of TiC, Ni and Mo powders followed by spray-drying was proposed to fabricate a feedstock spherical composite powder suitable for an L-DED machine. It was shown that this method is more applicable in the case of a TiC-containing composition than gas atomization and plasma spheroidization methods. The size of the resulting particles was in the range of 10–100 μm while the size of the 70 vol.% was in the range of 45–75 μm. L-DED provided a good adhesion of the coating, though the presence of pores and transverse cracks was also observed. The coating’s hardness was up to 1500 HV, which is not inferior to the hardness of known TiC-based cermets and is promising for obtaining a good wear resistance of the coating. It was shown that it depended on the thickness due to the mixing zone influence. The coating structure contained TiC- and Mo-based precipitates and a Ni-based binder. The weight loss of the coating samples after an abrasive wear test with 4000 revolutions of a testing wheel was 0.0464 g and that can be considered insignificant. The wear did not lead to the appearance of new defects and cleavage of the coating. Further optimization of the component ratio and L-DED parameters could help to improve the performance of the coating and make this technology rather promising to improve the wear resistance of machinery parts working in high-wear environments.

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“…Ti(C,N)-based cermet is a kind of metal-ceramic material prepared by the powder metallurgy method using TiC, TiN, and Ti(C,N) as the matrix composition [1][2][3][4], the titanium carbide structure, as shown in Figure 1, Fe-Co-Ni as the binder [5][6][7][8], and other transition metal carbides [9][10][11][12]. Because of its high hardness, excellent wear resistance, low coefficient of friction, and good chemical stability, Ti(C,N)-based cermet has become an important alternative material to cemented carbide and is widely used in cutting and grinding tools [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Research Progress on Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet Binder by Intermetallic Compounds and High-Entropy Alloys

Wang,

Bai,

Wang

et al. 2024

Materials

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Ti(C,N)-based cermet is a kind of composite material composed of a metal binder phase and a Ti(C,N)-hard phase, which is widely used in the fields of cutting machining and wear-resistant parts due to its high hardness, good toughness, wear resistance, and chemical stability. In recent years, the research on the replacement of traditional Ni, Co, and Fe binder phases by novel binder phases such as intermetallic compounds and high-entropy alloys has made remarkable progress, which significantly improves the mechanical properties, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature oxidation resistance of Ti(C,N)-based cermets. This paper reviews the latest research results, summarizes the mechanism of the new binder to improve the performance of metal–ceramics, and looks forward to the future research directions.

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A review on the microstructure and properties of TiC and Ti(C,N) based cermets

Cited by 33 publications

References 147 publications

Effect of Mo2C Addition on the Tribological Behavior of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermets

Effect of Mo2C Addition on the Tribological Behavior of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermets

Structure and Wear Resistance of Composite TiC-NiMo Coating Produced by L-DED on Ti-6Al-4V Substrate

A Review of Research Progress on Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet Binder by Intermetallic Compounds and High-Entropy Alloys

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