2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.05.004
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A review on the oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) pathways in major depression and their possible contribution to the (neuro)degenerative processes in that illness

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Cited by 1,048 publications
(855 citation statements)
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References 246 publications
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“…In support of these ideas, depressogenic paradigms causing ‘psychological’ stress in rodents (e.g., restraint stress) have been shown to generate oxidative damage leading to the accumulation of malondialdehydes (MDA) or 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenals (4‐HNE). Consistent with our findings that Mianserin protects from oxidative stress in C. elegans , antidepressant treatment in rodents suppresses the accumulation of oxidative stress markers MDA and 4‐HNE generated by restraint stress in rodents (Abdel‐Wahab & Salama, 2011; Maes et al ., 2011; Spiers et al ., 2013). Similarly, patients suffering from major depression show increased oxidative damage and reduced antioxidant capacity in the blood (Scapagnini et al ., 2012).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In support of these ideas, depressogenic paradigms causing ‘psychological’ stress in rodents (e.g., restraint stress) have been shown to generate oxidative damage leading to the accumulation of malondialdehydes (MDA) or 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenals (4‐HNE). Consistent with our findings that Mianserin protects from oxidative stress in C. elegans , antidepressant treatment in rodents suppresses the accumulation of oxidative stress markers MDA and 4‐HNE generated by restraint stress in rodents (Abdel‐Wahab & Salama, 2011; Maes et al ., 2011; Spiers et al ., 2013). Similarly, patients suffering from major depression show increased oxidative damage and reduced antioxidant capacity in the blood (Scapagnini et al ., 2012).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Multiple antioxidants, such as N‐acetyl‐cysteine (NAC), glutathione, and tocopherol, have antidepressant‐like effects in rodents in the tail suspension test. Furthermore, in patients, NAC was found to have antidepressant‐like effects in randomized clinical trials (Maes et al ., 2011). Interestingly, dietary restriction, a well‐established method to extend lifespan that also reduces oxidative damage, was found to have antidepressant effects in mice (Lutter et al ., 2008).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is now evidence that depression is accompanied by an increase in O&NS as indicated by an increase in lipid peroxidation, oxidative and nitrosative damage to DNA, nitrosative damage to proteins, hypernitrosylation, autoimmune responses to oxidatively and nitrosatively modified epitopes (neoepitopes, including malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL and NO-adducts 93,94 . These activated O&NS pathways are partly related to lowered levels of key antioxidants including lowered levels of coenzyme Q10, zinc, vitamin E, glutathione, HDL-cholesterol, albumin, etc.…”
Section: Effects Of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress (Oandns)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These activated O&NS pathways are partly related to lowered levels of key antioxidants including lowered levels of coenzyme Q10, zinc, vitamin E, glutathione, HDL-cholesterol, albumin, etc. 93 . Both the activated O&NS pathways and lowered levels of key antioxidants may be associated with different symptom profiles, the specific neurotransmitter pathophysiology of depression and staging of depression including chronicity of depression (e.g.…”
Section: Effects Of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress (Oandns)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…cognitivedysfunction 3 .Recently, oxidative stress has been proposed as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of depression 4 .Again, significantly lower plasma concentrations of several key antioxidants (vitamin-E,zinc and coenzyme Q),as wellas lower antioxidant enzyme activity, have been reported in major depression 5 .Depression is aneuropsychiatric illness that has been estimated to be third among the global burden of diseases 6 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%