A Review on the Palm Oil Waste Thermal Degradation Analysis and Its Kinetic Triplet Study

Pyrolysis of Chilean Southern Lignocellulosic Biomasses: Isoconversional Kinetics Analysis and Pyrolytic Products Distribution

“…An inert atmosphere avoids oxygen presence, removes condensable products from pyrolysis, and minimises secondary interactions with generated residue at high temperatures. The tests were carried out in a dynamic regime (non-isothermal) using four heating rates (5,10,20, and 40 • C•min −1 ), starting from 105 • C up to the final temperature of 900 • C, using previously dried samples at 105 • C for 10 min (10 • C•min −1 from room temperature, 40 mL•min −1 ). Around 5-6 mg of biomasses sample was placed into an α-alumina crucible, using a second empty crucible as reference.…”

“…Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) contributes to studying the thermochemical decomposition of biomass during pyrolysis, using an appropriate experimental setup, allowing convincing conclusions on reaction kinetics. TGA was used previously for palm oil residues [ 5 ], corn [ 6 ], coffee beans [ 7 ], and some types of wood such as oak [ 8 ], pine [ 9 ], spruce and birch [ 10 ], and even the main components of biomass, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin [ 9 ]. For the obtained activation energies (Ea), values go from 70 to 250 kJ·mol −1 , as a consequence of the lignin content and spatial arrangement in the biomass, crystalline cellulose fractions, oxygen, moisture, and ash contents, all of which can strongly displace the TGA peaks of higher mass loss.…”

Carbon-neutral synfuel production via continuous solar H2O and CO2 gasification of oil palm empty fruit bunch

“…ΔH°=247 kJ/mol (7) Previous studies on EFB gasification were mostly based on conventional gasification processes [21][22][23][24], including direct gasification (autothermal gasifier) [25,26], indirect gasification (allothermal gasifier) [27,28], supercritical water gasification [29], fluidized bed gasification [30], catalytic gasification [31], and techno-economic analyses [32]. Regarding the solar gasification of EFB, the effects of temperature, H2O/EFB molar ratio, and EFB flowrate on gasification performance were experimentally assessed, and optimal operating parameters were examined using a central composite design [33].…”

Understanding the pyrolysis kinetics, thermodynamic, and environmental sustainability parameters of Sesamum indicum crop residue

“…Several studies were conducted to estimate the pyrolysis kinetics of agricultural wastes such as Palm oil waste [22], bagasse [23] rice straw [24], pecan shell [25], rice husk [26], pearl millet [27], aloe vera [28], Bengalese [29], pigeon pea [30], hazelnut husk [31], coconut shell [32], and garlic stalks [33]. Li et al (2021) studied pyrolysis of sesame residue at different temperatures (350 °C-650 °C) [34].…”