A review on the role, cost and value of hydrogen energy systems for deep decarbonisation

Parra, David; Valverde, Luís; Lucena, Francisco Javier Pino; Patel, Martin Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.11.010

Cited by 504 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…[11] To make hydrogen production with polymer electrolyte water electrolysis a technoeconomically relevant contender, capital and operational cost need to be reduced substantially. [12][13][14][15] Operational cost, which becomes the main cost driver for operation schemes with high duty ratio (≥6000 h p.a. ), is governed by power prices and the hydrogen production efficiency of the PEWE plant, which in turn strongly depends on the electrochemical performance and efficiency of the PEWE cell technology employed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis

Schuler

Ciccone

Krentscher³

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

133

162

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renewable power, from wind or solar by medium-to-long-term storage using hydrogen as the energy vector, [1,2] enabling effective decarbonisation of the energy sector. [3] PEWE converts electric power by electrochemical water splitting into storable chemical energy. [4][5][6][7] Hydrogen can be reconverted to power or used in other sectors, [8,9] such as fuel cell based mobility [10] and chemical industries. [11] To make hydrogen production with polymer electrolyte water electrolysis a technoeconomically relevant contender, capital and operational cost need to be reduced substantially. [12][13][14][15] Operational cost, which becomes the main cost driver for operation schemes with high duty ratio (≥6000 h p.a.), is governed by power prices and the hydrogen production efficiency of the PEWE plant, which in turn strongly depends on the electrochemical performance and efficiency of the PEWE cell technology employed. [16] The electrochemical efficiency is governed by the underlying electrochemical loss mechanisms of kinetic, ohmic, and mass transport losses, whereas capital cost is driven by limited power density and high noble metal catalyst loadings.Recent studies revealed that the structure of the interface between the anodic porous transport layer (PTL) and the catalyst layer (CL) is a crucial factor limiting cell efficiency. [17][18][19][20][21] Today's PEWE technology relies on porous, Ti based, transport layer materials in the form of sintered materials [17,18,[22][23][24][25] with original applications in filtration [26] or medical tissue growing. [27][28][29] The lack of PTL materials with suitable surface characteristics tailored for this application inhibits the further improvement of cell efficiency and development of PEWE technology.Kinetic losses are governed by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The related overpotential depends on intrinsic catalyst parameters, such as specific exchange current density, activation energy, and number of active catalyst sites. [30] It has been established with model experiments such as optical imaging of the PTL/CL interface [19,20,31] and correlation of in-depth electrochemical analysis with PTL surface structure [17,18] that the catalyst is only partially utilized and CL domains not directly contacted by the porous Timaterials showed no gas evolution hence no electrochemical activity. Schuler et al. [17,18] have quantified the effect, showing

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis

Schuler

Ciccone

Krentscher³

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

133

162

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“…PEM is a relatively new electrolysis technology based on solid polymer membranes that can be used in solar hydrogen production process . The solid membrane of PEM electrolysis provides a faster response to dynamic operation and load variation and enables compact design of the system.…”

Section: Concentrated Solar Thermal Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PEM is a relatively new electrolysis technology based on solid polymer membranes that can be used in solar hydrogen production process. 133 The solid membrane of PEM electrolysis provides a faster response to dynamic operation and load variation and enables compact design of the system. High purity of the produced hydrogen, better coupling with intermittent system, higher flexibility, and faster cold start are the most important characteristics of PEM.…”

Section: Hydrogen From Pem Electrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen from solar energy, a clean energy carrier from a sustainable source of energy

2020

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Summary Solar energy is going to play a crucial role in the future energy scenario of the world that conducts interests to solar‐to‐hydrogen as a means of achieving a clean energy carrier. Hydrogen is a sustainable energy carrier, capable of substituting fossil fuels and decreasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emission to save the world from global warming. Hydrogen production from ubiquitous sustainable solar energy and an abundantly available water is an environmentally friendly solution for globally increasing energy demands and ensures long‐term energy security. Among various solar hydrogen production routes, this study concentrates on solar thermolysis, solar thermal hydrogen via electrolysis, thermochemical water splitting, fossil fuels decarbonization, and photovoltaic‐based hydrogen production with special focus on the concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system. Energy management and thermodynamic analysis of CPV‐based hydrogen production as the near‐term sustainable option are developed. The capability of three electrolysis systems including alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis, and solid oxide electrolysis for coupling to solar systems for H2 production is discussed. Since the cost of solar hydrogen has a very large range because of the various employed technologies, the challenges, pros and cons of the different methods, and the commercialization processes are also noticed. Among three electrolysis technologies considered for postulated solar hydrogen economy, AWE is found the most mature to integrate with the CPV system. Although substantial progresses have been made in solar hydrogen production technologies, the review indicates that these systems require further maturation to emulate the produced grid‐based hydrogen.

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“…[1,2] It is wellknown that hydrogen (H 2 ) is one of the most important alternatives to conventional fossil fuels because of its high energy density and clean emission. [3] In the last years, a vast number of materials in which hydrogen can be stored physically or chemically have been developed. [4] Sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ), [5][6][7] ammonia borane (NH 3 BH 3 ) [8][9] and hydrazine borane (N 2 H 4 BH 3 ) [10] are some of the representatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

et al. 2019

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Nonmetal catalysts are attracting a great deal of attention because of their advantages including high activity, low cost, and environmental friendliness. In this work, a nonmetal catalyst for NaBH4 hydrolysis was fabricated through covalent modification of silica nanoparticles with protonated poly(ethylene imine). The successful formation of the catalyst was verified by transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The fabricated catalyst shows excellent activity in catalyzing NaBH4 hydrolysis reactions. The hydrolysis of 15 mg NaBH4 catalyzed by 50 mg catalyst could provide a hydrogen generation rate as high as 117.53 mL min−1 gcat-1 at 20 °C. Although the catalytic activity decreased after use, it could be restored easily by regenerating in acetic acid solution.

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A review on the role, cost and value of hydrogen energy systems for deep decarbonisation

Cited by 504 publications

References 89 publications

Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis

Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis

Hydrogen from solar energy, a clean energy carrier from a sustainable source of energy

Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

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