A Review on the Thermochemical Recycling of Waste Tyres to Oil for Automobile Engine Application

Jahirul, M.I.; Hossain, Farhad M.; Rasul, M.G.; Chowdhury, Ashfaque Ahmed

doi:10.3390/en14133837

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 105 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is a growing concern about waste tires since their annual increase is approximately 17 million tons on the global scale [1]. As some estimations show, this increment of tire waste could be up to 1.2 billion tons annually, by the end of 2030s [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Temperature Influence on Waste Tire Pyrolysis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pyrolysis is an optimal thermochemical process for obtaining valuable products (char, oil, and gas) from waste tires. The preliminary research was done on the three groups of samples acquired by cutting the same waste tire of a passenger vehicle into cylindrical granules with a base diameter of 3, 7, and 11 mm. Each batch weighed 10 g. The heating rate was 14 °C/min, and the final pyrolysis temperature was 750 °C, with 90 s residence time. After the pyrolysis product yields were determined for all of the three sample groups, further research was performed only on 3 mm granules, with the same heating rate, but with altered final pyrolytic temperatures (400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, and 750 °C). The results of this study show that thermochemical decomposition of the waste tire sample takes place in the temperature range of 200–500 °C, with three distinct phases of degradation. The highest yield of the pyrolytic oil was achieved at a temperature of 500 °C, but further heating of volatile matters reduced the oil yield, and simultaneously increased the yield of gas, due to the existence of secondary cracking reactions. The analysis of pyrolytic oil and char showed that these products can be used as fuel.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Temperature Influence on Waste Tire Pyrolysis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hence, several studies address the combustion of pyrolysis oil for the partial or total replacement of conventional fuel in automobile engines. Encouraging results have been reported in terms of engine performance [ 37 ], despite the lower cetane index and the higher density, viscosity, and aromatic content of ELT pyrolysis oils [ 38 ]. Nevertheless, the direct use of pyrolysis oil is not recommended due to considerable emissions of NO x , CO x , SO x , and particulate matter [ 38 ].…”

Section: Elt Pyrolysis Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Upgrading of Recovered Carbon Black from the Pyrolysis of End-of-Life Tires

Costa

Fowler²,

Carreira³

et al. 2022

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing awareness regarding fossil fuel dependence, waste valorization, and greenhouse gas emissions have prompted the emergence of new solutions for numerous markets over the last decades. The tire industry is no exception to this, with a global production of more than 1.5 billion tires per year raising environmental concerns about their end-of-life recycling or disposal. Pyrolysis enables the recovery of both energy and material from end-of-life tires, yielding valuable gas, liquid, and solid fractions. The latter, known as recovered carbon black (rCB), has been extensively researched in the last few years to ensure its quality for market applications. These studies have shown that rCB quality depends on the feedstock composition and pyrolysis conditions such as type of reactor, temperature range, heating rate, and residence time. Recent developments of activation and demineralization techniques target the production of rCB with specific chemical, physical, and morphological properties for singular applications. The automotive industry, which is the highest consumer of carbon black, has set specific targets to incorporate recycled materials (such as rCB) following the principles of sustainability and a circular economy. This review summarizes the pyrolysis of end-of-life tires for the production of syngas, oil, and rCB, focusing on the process conditions and product yield and composition. A further analysis of the characteristics of the solid material is performed, including their influence on the rCB application as a substitute of commercial CB in the tire industry. Purification and modification post-treatment processes for rCB upgrading are also inspected.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyrolysis was considered the most prevalent, attractive, and environmentally friendly among WT thermal conversion technologies owing to the advantages of faster reduction, less environmental pollution, and higher economic benefits. ,− However, there were some shortcomings of pyrolysis products. For tire pyrolytic oil (TPO), drawbacks of high sulfur content and viscosity, low flash point and cetane number, and impurity restricted its direct utilization. − With regard to pyrolytic carbon black (CBp), it was possible to be used as reinforcing filler and pigment in rubber and the precursor of activated carbon. , Nevertheless, CBp’s intrinsic drawbacks, including high ash and sulfur content, poor micropore structure, and carbonaceous residues on the surface, still hindered its direct utilization. ,, As mentioned above, to improve the economic performance of pyrolysis process, the upgrading of TPO and CBp was necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Assessment of Waste Tire Pyrolysis and Upgrading Pathways for Production of High-Value Products

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Waste tire pyrolysis has received increasing attention as a promising technology recently due to the shortage of fossil resources and the severity of environmental impact. In this study, the process of waste tire pyrolysis and upgrading to obtain high-value products was simulated by Aspen Plus. Also, based on life cycle assessment, the indexes of energy, environmental, economic, and comprehensive performance were proposed to evaluate different high-value pathways. Results demonstrate that the integrated system of waste tire pyrolysis, pyrolytic oil (TPO) refining, and pyrolytic carbon black (CBp) modification has higher energy efficiency than the independent system of TPO refining, with an improvement rate of 2.6%. Meanwhile, the resource-environmental performance of the integrated system is better. However, combined with the economic benefit, the independent system is more comprehensively beneficial, with the index of comprehensive performance (BEECR) of 0.94, which increases by 3.3% compared with the integrated system. Furthermore, the comparisons of different improved high-value paths based on the independent system as the benchmark indicate that the pathway of promoting sulfur conversion during pyrolysis to reduce the sulfur content in TPO can increase the BEECR from 0.94 to 1.064, with the growth of 13.2%. Also, the physical modification of CBp to reduce the production cost and environmental impact has better performance of BEECR, increasing by 20.2%. The final sensitivity analyses show that the combined improved high-value case established by the abovementioned two paths can achieve a favorable benefit in a wide range of crude oil and waste tire prices and the environmental tax.

show abstract

A Review on the Thermochemical Recycling of Waste Tyres to Oil for Automobile Engine Application

Cited by 37 publications

References 105 publications

Experimental Analysis of Temperature Influence on Waste Tire Pyrolysis

Experimental Analysis of Temperature Influence on Waste Tire Pyrolysis

Production and Upgrading of Recovered Carbon Black from the Pyrolysis of End-of-Life Tires

Integrated Assessment of Waste Tire Pyrolysis and Upgrading Pathways for Production of High-Value Products

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About