A review on thermal energy storage with eutectic phase change materials: Fundamentals and applications

Recent advances in phase change materials for thermal energy storage

“…Some of the organic components of eutectics considered as phase change materials include paraffins, fatty acids, alcohols, esters, diols and sugar alcohols. 52 Salt hydrate eutectics cycle better and are less prone to phase separation than pure salt hydrates. 52 Metal alloy eutectics are useful for high-temperature applications and have especially high thermal conductivity and gravimetric enthalpies of fusion.…”

“…52 Salt hydrate eutectics cycle better and are less prone to phase separation than pure salt hydrates. 52 Metal alloy eutectics are useful for high-temperature applications and have especially high thermal conductivity and gravimetric enthalpies of fusion. 52 Molten salt eutectics can show better chemical stability than the pure molten salts from which they are composed, 52 and have significant applications in concentrated solar power.…”

“…52 Metal alloy eutectics are useful for high-temperature applications and have especially high thermal conductivity and gravimetric enthalpies of fusion. 52 Molten salt eutectics can show better chemical stability than the pure molten salts from which they are composed, 52 and have significant applications in concentrated solar power. 53 In all cases, care should be taken to use the precise composition of the eutectic (which may be a little removed from the composition derived from ideal mixture theory) to promote stable properties after many melt-freeze cycles.…”

A comprehensive review of critical analysis of biodegradable waste PCM for thermal energy storage systems using machine learning and deep learning to predict dynamic behavior

“… Ref. PCM Material Synthesis Technique Characterization Technique Manufacturing Method Thermal Conductivity [ 133 ] Paraffin wax Emulsion polymerization DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM Casting, compression molding, extrusion 0.2–0.4 W/mK (solid), 0.12–0.19 W/mK (liquid) [ 134 ] Fatty acids Chemical reaction with alcohol DSC, TGA, XRD, FTIR Casting Compression Molding 0.2–0.3 W/mK (solid), 0.14–0.19 W/mK (liquid) [ 30 ] Salt Hydrates Dissolution And Recrystallization DSC, TGA, XRD, FTIR Mixing, Encapsulation 0.2–1.5 W/mK (solid), 0.5–3 W/mK (liquid) [ 135 ] Eutectic Mixtures Mixing Of Two Or More Materials DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM Casting, Compression Molding 0.2–0.4 W/mK (solid), 0.15–0.25 W/mK (liquid) [ 136 ] Graphene-Based phase change Material Chemical Vapor Deposition Exfoliation, Reduction Raman Spectroscopy, SEM, TEM Mixing, Coating 2000–5000 W/Mk [ 137 ] Glauber's Salt Crystallization From Aqueous Solution DSC, TGA, TRD, FTIR Encapsulation, Impregnation 1.6–2.6 W/mK (solid), 2.2–2.8 W/mK (liquid) [ 138 ] Bio-Based Materials Extraction From Natural Sources DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM Compression Molding, Solvent Casting 0.1–0.6 W/mK (solid), 0....…”

Epoxy Phase-Change Materials Based on Paraffin Wax Stabilized by Asphaltenes

“…It is common to distinguish organic and inorganic phase-change materials and their eutectic combinations [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The main feature of phase-change materials is the use of their latent heat energy, where heat is released or absorbed during the transition between the liquid and solid aggregate states.…”