A review on viscoelastic behaviour of plasticizers in ap/al/htpb based composite solid propellant

Yaacob, I.N.; Asli, A.F.; Norkhairunnisa, M.; Ahmad, K.A.; Ismail, O.; Salleh, N.A.; Shahedi, S.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2023.01.176

Materials Today: Proceedings

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2023.01.176

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A review on viscoelastic behaviour of plasticizers in ap/al/htpb based composite solid propellant

I.N. Yaacob

A.F. Asli

M. Norkhairunnisa

et al.

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Cited by 4 publications

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Catocene and Butacene Permanence as Ferrocenic Liquid Burning Rate Catalyst for Solid Composite Propellants and Comparison With Recent Developments

Amado,

Dutra,

Dutra

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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A short review about ferrocene‐based burning rate catalysts (FBRC) for solid composite propellants is presented. Historically, transition metal oxides (TMO) have been utilized as burning rate catalysts (BRC) since the start of solid rocket propellant development. However, these compounds have a marked tendency to migrate through the propellant grain and crystallize at boundary surfaces. Consequently, FBRC emerged as an alternative to TMO. After reviewing recent advances in the field, we suggest that the continued use of Catocene [2,2′‐bis(ethylferrocenyl)propane] and Butacene as liquid BRC of choice is based on a trade‐off between high burning rates, limited migration from propellant, simpler synthetic pathways, and lower costs of production in comparison with later developments in the area of FBRC. Then, this work aims to contribute to the state of the art of FBRC research, highlighting the importance of Catocene and Butacene, in comparison with the most recent developments in the field of FBRC, particularly regarding their role in decreasing the decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate and/or increasing the burning rate.

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Catocene and Butacene Permanence as Ferrocenic Liquid Burning Rate Catalyst for Solid Composite Propellants and Comparison With Recent Developments

Amado,

Dutra,

Dutra

et al. 2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effect of Boron‐Aluminium Particles on Rheological Properties of AP/HTPB Based Bi‐Curative Composite Solid Propellants

Shahid,

Bilal Khan Niazi,

Jahan

2024

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Propellants with Boron‐Aluminium fuels are of interest as they exhibit high energy densities when compared to various other fuels. The effect of aluminium (Al) and aminopropyl triethoxy silane functionalized amorphous micron‐sized boron (APTES−B) on the rheological properties of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) based bi‐curative composite solid propellant (CSP) has been investigated in the present work. Numerous CSP formulations were prepared in which Al contents were reduced from 21% to 10%, while APTES−B contents were increased from 0% to 11%. The major constituents include AP as oxidizer, HTPB as binder fuel, TDI and IPDI as curing agents, MAPO as bonding agent, PPD as antioxidant and TBFE as burning rate modifier. The CSP slurry exhibited non‐Newtonian, shear‐thinning flow behaviour. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle size analyzer were used to analyse the size, shape and surface morphology of Al, raw amorphous B and APTES−B particles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided insights into the surface functionalization of B with APTES. The rheological properties were evaluated using a rotational rheometer. The effects of B−Al particle loading on the viscosity, shear stress and shear rate were investigated. The CSP formulation code P6, with an Al content of 16% and B content of 5%, emerged as the most optimal mix due to its optimal processability. The results are expected to provide useful inputs for optimizing the propellant composition and processing characteristics to obtain enhanced performance in terms of rheology of propellant.

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Preparation and characterization of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene graft ferrocene based composite

Rahman,

Khan,

Humayun

et al. 2024

J Polym Res

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A review on viscoelastic behaviour of plasticizers in ap/al/htpb based composite solid propellant

Cited by 4 publications

References 68 publications

Catocene and Butacene Permanence as Ferrocenic Liquid Burning Rate Catalyst for Solid Composite Propellants and Comparison With Recent Developments

Catocene and Butacene Permanence as Ferrocenic Liquid Burning Rate Catalyst for Solid Composite Propellants and Comparison With Recent Developments

Effect of Boron‐Aluminium Particles on Rheological Properties of AP/HTPB Based Bi‐Curative Composite Solid Propellants

Preparation and characterization of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene graft ferrocene based composite

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