A review on water fault diagnosis of PEMFC associated with the pressure drop

Pei, Pucheng; Li, Yuehua; Xu, Huachi; Wu, Ziyao

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.064

Cited by 145 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…To further expand the application of PEMFCs, one of the most important issues of studies on PEMFCs is on how to further improve the output performance. [3][4][5][6][7] Flow field designs affect the mass distribution and cell performance of PEMFCs, and a good flow field structure can enhance the reactant transfer and accelerate the electrochemical reaction. In the past decades, numbers of researchers studied the mass transfer and performance of PEMFCs with different flow fields, such as the parallel flow field, serpentine flow field, and interdigited flow field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Baffle shape effects on mass transfer and power loss of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with different baffled flow channels

Guo

Chen

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary In proton exchange membrane fuel cells, baffled flow channels can enhance the reactant transfer and improve the cell performance. Many different baffled flow channels have been numerically studied in previous published papers. However, what kind of baffled flow channels can improve the cell performance most is still unknown. In this simulation work, a two‐dimensional, two‐phase, nonisothermal, and steady‐state model of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is developed. The mass transfer and cell performance of PEMFCs with different baffled flow channels have been numerically compared. Simulation results show that the rectangular baffle can enhance the reactant transfer most and improve the cell performance most; however, the power loss in rectangular baffled flow channel is also the highest. To inherit the advantages and overcome the shortages of the rectangular baffled flow channel, an optimized baffled flow channel is developed. In this newly developed baffled flow channel, the windward side is designed as the streamline shape and the leeward side is designed as the sloped shape. Results of the simulation also show that the optimized baffled flow channel can reduce the power loss accounted by the pumping power in reactant delivering process and the cell performance can be further improved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technology of PEMFCs has been successfully utilized in numbers of areas, such as militaries, aerospace, and vehicles. To further expand the application of PEMFCs, one of the most important issues of studies on PEMFCs is on how to further improve the output performance …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baffle shape effects on mass transfer and power loss of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with different baffled flow channels

Guo

Chen

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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“…One of the more simple and direct approach that can be done during single PEM fuel cells operating is available by recording and analyzing the fluctuations of the fuel cell parameters, such as voltage, current and pressure drop [52,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70]. The main advantages of such approach are nonintrusiveness, non-invasive character, easy to implement, allows real time measurement and do not require any external to online detection allowing corrective actions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Short Time Analysis for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Diagnostic‐Application to Water Management

et al. 2019

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High frequency concomitant voltage and pressure measurements on a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell are presented in this paper. Voltage, anodic and cathodic pressure measurements were shown to be highly sensitive to gas relative humidity and temperature of the cell. Fast voltage dips corresponding to pressure spikes at the anode were observed and indicate a flooding occurrence due to the blockage of anode inlet by liquid water. In a generalize flooding of the cell, pressure drop fluctuations are easily recognizable and result in voltage fluctuations and drift. A methodology based on short‐time analysis on both, voltage and pressure signals, is used to quantify the effects of flooding and drying within proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems. Intermittent behavior is highlighted on the standard deviation of the voltage for flooding and drying cases. Simultaneous analysis of the standard deviation short‐time for voltage and pressure signals allows for the differentiation between flooding and drying cases. Concomitant pressure and voltage fluctuations can be easily detected and monitored for a reliable diagnostic of proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems.

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“…Research groups have investigated reactive control strategies via signal analysis and the manipulation of operating conditions [5]. Hussaini et al [6] demonstrated a dynamic external intermittent humidification scheme using a single serpentine flow field, as well as a multiple, parallel channel flow field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Cathode Water Transport via Anode Relative Humidity Measurements in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

et al. 2017

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Abstract:A relative humidity (RH) measurement based on pressure drop analysis is presented as a diagnostic tool to experimentally quantify the amount of excess water on the cathode side of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Ex-situ pressure drop calibration curves collected at fixed RH values, used with a set of well-defined equations for the anode pressure drop, allows for an estimate of in-situ relative humidity values. During the in-situ test, a dry anode inlet stream at increasing flow rates is used to create an evaporative gradient to drive water from the cathode to the anode. This combination of techniques thus quantitatively determines the changing net cell water flux. Knowing the cathodic water production rate, the net water flux to the anode can explain the influence of liquid and vapor transport as a function of GDL selection. Experimentally obtained quantified values for the water removal rate for a variety of cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) setups are presented, which were chosen to experimentally vary a range of water management abilities, from high to low performance. The results show that more water is transported to the anode when a GDL with poor water management capabilities is used, due to the higher levels of initial saturation occurring on the cathode. At sufficiently high concentration gradients, the anode removes more water than is produced by the reaction, allowing for the quantification of excess water saturating the cathode. The protocol is broadly accessible and applicable as a quantitative diagnostic tool of water management in PEMFCs.

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A review on water fault diagnosis of PEMFC associated with the pressure drop

Cited by 145 publications

References 173 publications

Baffle shape effects on mass transfer and power loss of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with different baffled flow channels

Baffle shape effects on mass transfer and power loss of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with different baffled flow channels

Statistical Short Time Analysis for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Diagnostic‐Application to Water Management

Quantifying Cathode Water Transport via Anode Relative Humidity Measurements in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

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