A Review (Research and Patents) on Jasmonic Acid and Its Derivatives

Abstract

In medicinal chemistry there is a growing interest in using small molecules, including plant stress hormones. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its volatile methyl ester (MJ), collectively termed jasmonates, are lipid‐derived cyclopentanone compounds that occur ubiquitously and exclusively in the plant kingdom. This review covers the synthesis, usage, and biological activities of JA and its derivatives. A brief overview of the available information on JA and its features is given, followed by a detailed review of JA and its derivatives as drugs and prodrugs; the properties in plants and the synthesis in recent patents are described. This review shows the direction of long‐term drug/nutraceutical safety trials and provides insights for future research in this area. Research on JA continues to be of major interest. Recent innovations offer hope for the development of new therapeutics in related fields. It is anticipated that several analogs can be advanced to preclinical and clinical studies.

Roles of jasmonate signalling in plant inflorescence and flower development

“…Despite the enormous progress made in the field of JA, many aspects still remain to be elucidated. For instance, plants contain many types of JA precursors and JA metabolites [7,11,26], but it is not clear how these diverse JAs and bioactive analogs regulate multitude of plant development. Furthermore, whether some JA metabolic proteins such as Jasmonate O-methyltransferase, LOX2 and AOS, are expanded for environmental adaption remains to be investigated.…”

“…The conserved and diversified JA biosynthesis and signalling pathways in plant reproduction are highlighted, particularly in the regulatory link with the ABCE-genes during flower development. Table 1) [7,11,[25][26][27]. kat2 kat5 double mutants display shorter inflorescences that contain atypical internode spacing and changed anatomy as well as ectopic floral organs [27], mimicking phenotypes of the abnormal inflorescence meristem1 (aim1/Atmfp2) mutants [28].…”

Enhanced daidzin production from jasmonic and acetyl salicylic acid elicited hairy root cultures of Psoralea corylifolia L. (Fabaceae)

“…Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives are stress signalling molecules involved in plant defence and regulate various metabolic pathways along with other plant hormones (Ramakrishna & Ravishankar 2011;Pirbalouti et al 2014). The influence of JA and ASA on biomass and daidzin production using hairy root cultures of P. corylifolia was investigated in this study which revealed variable responses.…”

Exploring the Functions of 9-Lipoxygenase (DkLOX3) in Ultrastructural Changes and Hormonal Stress Response during Persimmon Fruit Storage

“…Numerous studies have shown that ABA is able to promote ethylene production in many fruits, such as mango [38], strawberry [39] and tomato [40], implying that ABA may function as an upstream regulator of ethylene biosynthesis and responses [41]. JAs, such as methyl jasmonate (MeJA), JA, and other derivatives, make the plant responsive to various biotic and abiotic stresses and are involved in fruit ripening [42,43,44,45]. Jia et al [46] found that exogenous MeJA mainly regulates the grapefruit ripening process through regulation of fruit colouring, softening, and aroma spreading.…”