A Revolution of the Mind: Radical Enlightenment and the Intellectual Origins of Modern Democracy

Sullivan, Charles

doi:10.1215/0961754x-1545193

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Progress represents the view that society is improving over time (Gray, 2004; Hardin, 1993; Nisbet, 1994). It is believed to be a prevalent worldview in modern Western society, permeating religious and secular thought since the industrial revolution (Israel, 2010). Progress has been recognized by some social psychologists as an important construct, with most focusing on how believing in progress helps emotional regulation (Rutjens et al, 2009, 2010).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progress has been recognized by some social psychologists as an important construct, with most focusing on how believing in progress helps emotional regulation (Rutjens et al, 2009, 2010). Linked to Enlightenment philosophy, progress refers to a process but also invokes a desired goal—moving closer to perfection, which in capitalistic societies may be influenced by ideas of material abundance (Gray, 2004; Israel, 2010).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Worldviews about change: Their structure and their implications for understanding responses to sustainability, technology, and political change

Bain,

Bongiorno,

Tinson

et al. 2023

Asian J of Social Psycho

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People hold different perspectives about how they think the world is changing or should change. We examined five of these “worldviews” about change: Progress, Golden Age, Endless Cycle, Maintenance, and Balance. In Studies 1–4 (total N = 2733) we established reliable measures of each change worldview, and showed how these help explain when people will support or oppose social change in contexts spanning sustainability, technological innovations, and political elections. In mapping out these relationships we identify how the importance of different change worldviews varies across contexts, with Balance most critical for understanding support for sustainability, Progress/Golden Age important for understanding responses to innovations, and Golden Age uniquely important for preferring Trump/Republicans in the 2016 US election. These relationships were independent of prominent individual differences (e.g., values, political orientation for elections) or context‐specific factors (e.g., self‐reported innovativeness for responses to innovations). Study 5 (N = 2140) examined generalizability in 10 countries/regions spanning five continents, establishing that these worldviews exhibited metric invariance, but with country/region differences in how change worldviews were related to support for sustainability. These findings show that change worldviews can act as a general “lens” people use to help determine whether to support or oppose social change.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldviews about change: Their structure and their implications for understanding responses to sustainability, technology, and political change

Bain,

Bongiorno,

Tinson

et al. 2023

Asian J of Social Psycho

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Though previous humanists contributed to fighting against the church's abuses and liberating people's instincts, they were still religious. They were not suspicious of God until the Enlightenment period, when Enlightenment thinkers, such as Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), John Locke (1632-1704), and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), emphasized democracy, individual liberty, human dignity, freedom and equality, the sacred and inviolable human rights, and the eradication of religious authority (Israel, 2009). Influenced by Enlightenment thoughts, the privilege became established in the law by the iconic case of Lilburne in England.…”

Section: Criminal Justice Culture In the United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obligation or Right? A Historical Comparison of the Criminal Confession System between China and the USA

Shuai

2023

BLR

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Confessions, as a type of criminal evidence, have played an important role in improving the detection and conviction of crimes. In 2012, Chinese lawmakers revised China's Criminal Procedure Law and added the defendant's privilege against self-incrimination. This reform with Western-inspired features has led to a heated controversy over the appropriate criminal confession system in China. The traditional Chinese system focuses on the obligation to confess and reward for confession, while the newly imported confession system from the United States focuses on the right to remain silent. To determine the appropriate policy, a thorough comparative analysis of the two confession systems from a historical and cultural perspective seems to be crucial. Specifically, comparative analysis and historical reviewing methods have been utilized in this study to explore the differences in the criminal confession systems between Chinese and the US contexts and thus to propose the future direction for improving the Chinese confession system. By tracing the origin of these two confession systems, this article examines the underlying criminal justice cultures that contribute to the diverse confession systems in detail. Given the changeable cultural influence along the historical river, this article then reviews the evolutional path of the "leniency to those who confess" in China and the "right to silence" in the United States, providing the specific provisions and implementation of two confession systems in various eras. Based on such complete knowledge of the specific cultural traditions and the resulting confession systems with which social and political contexts are involved, this study finally concludes the implications for developing the Chinese criminal confession system, especially from a localized perspective.

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A Revolution of the Mind: Radical Enlightenment and the Intellectual Origins of Modern Democracy

Abstract: crushing denunciations of former wives, billets-doux to new lovers, and, near the end of his long and productive life, a cascade of sour indictments lodged against the young,

Cited by 2 publications

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Worldviews about change: Their structure and their implications for understanding responses to sustainability, technology, and political change

Worldviews about change: Their structure and their implications for understanding responses to sustainability, technology, and political change

Obligation or Right? A Historical Comparison of the Criminal Confession System between China and the USA

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