A robust and tuneable mid-infrared optical switch enabled by bulk Dirac fermions

Zhu, Chunhui; Wang, Frank; Meng, Yafei; Yuan, Xiang; Xiu, Faxian; Luo, Hongyu; Wang, Shaobin; Li, Jianfeng; Lv, Xing; He, Liang; Xu, Yongbing; Liu, Junfeng; Zhang, Chao; Shi, Yi; Zhang, Rong; Zhu, Shining

doi:10.1038/ncomms14111

Cited by 188 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…It can be accounted for by the screening effect of long-range Coulomb impurity scattering and is consistent with the temperature dependence of the equilibrium results. By fitting the relaxation of carrier density with an exponential decay considering multiple reflections of the pump pulses, the relaxation time was evaluated to be ~8 ps, which is much longer than that in graphene (< 1 ps) (32) and consistent with -or a bit longer than -previous pump-probe studies for Cd3As2 with near-and mid-IR excitation (33)(34)(35).…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Efficient Terahertz Harmonic Generation with Coherent Acceleration of Electrons in the Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2

et al. 2020

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Correspondence to: matsunaga@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp †The authors contributed equally.High harmonic generation (HHG), the frequency conversion of an ac electric field, plays a key role in high-speed electronics at terahertz (THz) frequencies as well as in ultrafast photonics. Recent discoveries of material-based HHG have facilitated the search of the best system for high conversion efficiency. Here we report the appearance of strong THz range third harmonics in thin films of Cd3As2, a three-dimensional Dirac semimetal with linearly dispersing electronic states. THz pump-THz probe spectroscopy gives evidence for the microscopic mechanism originating in the coherent acceleration of Dirac electrons in momentum space as theoretically anticipated. The extreme conversion efficiency, which is detectable using only a tabletop THz source and exceeds that of graphene by over a factor of 100 times, paves the way toward novel devices for ultrafast THz electronics and photonics based on topological semimetals.

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Efficient Terahertz Harmonic Generation with Coherent Acceleration of Electrons in the Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2

et al. 2020

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“…Owing to the preferential incorporation of Er 3+ and Ho 3+ into the NaYF 4 crystals with low phonon energy, intense MIR emission can be observed in the GC fibers, which was nearly undetectable in the precursor fiber. Importantly, the 2.7 lm emission was enhanced and the emission region showed a notable extension from 2.6-2.82 T A B L E 1 The lifetimes of Er 3+ : 4 I 11/2 (2.7 lm) and Ho 3+ : 5 to 2.6-2.95 lm after introducing Ho 3+ . Furthermore, a theoretical simulation was performed to investigate the MIR laser performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mid‐infrared (MIR) fiber lasers with emission wavelength around 3 μm have aroused great interests owing to their widespread applications in remote sensing, environmental monitoring, high‐precision biological tissue cutting, etc . For some practical applications in selective excitation and spectroscopic sensors, broad wavelength tuning range of the MIR sources are of particular concern . Therefore, it is especially important to find a new type of glass fiber for widely tunable MIR fiber lasers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Er³⁺/Ho³⁺‐codoped glass‐ceramic fibers for broadband tunable mid‐infrared fiber lasers

Kang

Ouyang

et al. 2018

J Am Ceram Soc

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It is well recognized that a widely wavelength‐tunable mid‐infrared (MIR) fiber laser plays an important role in the development of compact and efficient coherent sources in the MIR range. Herein, the optimizing Er/Ho ratio for enhancement of broadband tunable MIR emission covering 2.6‐2.95 μm in the Er3+/Ho3+‐codoped transparent borosilicate glass‐ceramic (GC) fibers containing NaYF4 nanocrystals under 980 nm excitation was investigated. Specifically, the obtained GC fibers with controllable crystallization and well fsd‐maintained structures were prepared by the novel melt‐in‐tube approach. Owing to the effective energy transfer between Er3+ and Ho3+ after crystallization, the 2.7 μm MIR emission was obviously enhanced and the emission region showed a notable extension from 2.6‐2.82 μm to 2.6‐2.95 μm after the addition of Ho3+. Importantly, we conducted a theoretical simulation and calculation related to the MIR laser performance, signifying that the GC fiber may be a promising candidate for MIR fiber laser. Furthermore, the melt‐in‐tube approach will provide a versatile strategy for the preparation of diverse optical functional GC fibers.

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“…Despite the potential exceptional optical properties, the photonic and optoelectronical response of 3D Dirac semimetal is largely unexplored 26 . Here, we investigate the use of Cd3As2 as photodetectors ultilizing metalCd3As2-metal structure (device schematic shown in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unique properties of Cd3As2 enable high bandwidth (~145 GHz), broad wavelength range, zero biased and PTE dominated photodetection. With rapid development of large scale thin film growth by molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) and large scale integration possibility 26 , 3D Dirac semimetal materials promise enormous potential for ultrafast and ultrasensitive detection of light in very broad wavelength range including the technically challenging middle/far IR and THz wavelength range, with high quantum efficiency and convenient integration with flexible device platform.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Broadband Photodetectors Based on Three-Dimensional Dirac Semimetal Cd₃As₂

Lai¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2017

Nano Lett.

181

157

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Abstract:The efforts to pursue photo detection with extreme performance in terms of ultrafast response time, broad detection wavelength range, and high sensitivity have never been exhausted as driven by its wide range of optoelectronic and photonic applications such as optical communications, interconnects, imaging and remote sensing 1 . 2D Dirac semimetal graphene has shown excellent potential toward high performance photodetector with high operation speed, broadband response and efficient carrier multiplications benefiting from its linear dispersion band structure with high carrier mobility and zero bandgap [2][3][4] . As the three dimensional analogues of graphene, Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 processes all advantages of graphene as a photosensitive material but potentially has stronger interaction with light as bulk material and thus enhanced responsivity 5,6 , which promises great potential in improving the performance of photodetector in various aspects . In this work, we report the realization of an ultrafast broadband photodetector based on Cd3As2. The prototype metal-Cd3As2-metal photodetector exhibits a responsivity of 5.9 mA/W with response time of about 6.9 ps without any special device optimization. Broadband responses from 0.8 eV to 2.34 eV are measured with potential detection range extendable to far infrared and terahertz. Systematical studies indicate that the photo-thermoelectric effect plays important roles in photocurrent generation, similar to that in graphene. Our results suggest this emerging class of exotic quantum materials can be harnessed for photo detection with high sensitivity and high speed (~145 GHz) in challenging middle/far-infrared and THz range.Three dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 7,8 is a stable compound with ultrahigh carrier mobility up to 9×10 6 cm 2 V -1 S -1 (refs. 9-11), as a result of supressed backscattering of high Fermi velocity 3D Dirac fermions 9 . The high mobility of Cd3As2 surpasses suspended graphene and any bulk semiconductors, promising for new electronics and optoelectronics with supereme performance 5,6 . Comparing to their two dimensional counterpart graphene 5,6,12,13 and surface state of topological insulator 14 , 3D Dirac semimetals are more robust against enviromental defects or excess conducting bulk electrons 11 . On the other hand, 3D Dirac semimetals possess all advantages of 2D Dirac semimetals as photosensitive materials, which is inherent from the gapless linear dispersion of massless Dirac Fermions: extermely high mobility 9 and ultrafast transient time 15 for high speed response approaching terahertz operation speed 4,16 ; gapless bandstructure for chanlleging low energy photon detection 17 down to THz frequency [18][19][20] and efficient carrier multiplications to enhance the internal quantum efficiency 21,22 . Consequently, the emergency of stable 3D Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 provides outstanding opportunity as new class of material platform for optoelectronics.Experimental studies on Cd3As2 so far mainly focus on the tranport and angle resolved...

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A robust and tuneable mid-infrared optical switch enabled by bulk Dirac fermions

Cited by 188 publications

References 75 publications

Efficient Terahertz Harmonic Generation with Coherent Acceleration of Electrons in the Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2

Efficient Terahertz Harmonic Generation with Coherent Acceleration of Electrons in the Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2

Novel Er³⁺/Ho³⁺‐codoped glass‐ceramic fibers for broadband tunable mid‐infrared fiber lasers

Ultrafast Broadband Photodetectors Based on Three-Dimensional Dirac Semimetal Cd₃As₂

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A robust and tuneable mid-infrared optical switch enabled by bulk Dirac fermions

Cited by 188 publications

References 75 publications

Efficient Terahertz Harmonic Generation with Coherent Acceleration of Electrons in the Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2

Efficient Terahertz Harmonic Generation with Coherent Acceleration of Electrons in the Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2

Novel Er3+/Ho3+‐codoped glass‐ceramic fibers for broadband tunable mid‐infrared fiber lasers

Ultrafast Broadband Photodetectors Based on Three-Dimensional Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2

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Product

Resources

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Novel Er³⁺/Ho³⁺‐codoped glass‐ceramic fibers for broadband tunable mid‐infrared fiber lasers

Ultrafast Broadband Photodetectors Based on Three-Dimensional Dirac Semimetal Cd₃As₂