A Robust Mobile Video Streaming in Heterogeneous Emerging Wireless Systems

Abstract

With the rapid development of heterogeneous emerging wireless technologies and numerous types of mobile devices, the need to support robust mobile video streaming based on the seamless handover in Future Internet is growing. To support the seamless handover, several IP-based mobility management protocols such as Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6), fast handover for the MIPv6 (FMIPv6), Hierarchical MIPv6 (HMIPv6) and Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) were developed. However, MIPv6 depreciates the Quality-of-Service (QoS) and FMIPv6 is not robust for the video services in heterogeneous emerging wireless networks when the Mobile Node (MN) may move to another visited network in contrast with its anticipation. In Future Internet, the possibility of mobile video service failure is more increased because mobile users consisting of multiple wireless network interfaces (WNICs) can frequently change the access networks according to their mobility in heterogeneous wireless access networks such as 3Generation (3G), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) and Bluetooth co-existed. And in this environment, seamless mobility is coupled according to user preferences, enabling mobile users to be "Always Best Connected" (ABC) so that Quality of Experience is optimised and maintained. Even though HMIPv6 and PMIPv6 are proposed for the location management, handover latency enhancement, they still have limit of local mobility region. In this paper, we propose a robust mobile video streaming in Heterogeneous Emerging Wireless Systems. In the proposed scheme, the MN selects the best -according to an appropriate metric-wireless technology for a robust video streaming service among all wireless technologies by reducing the handover latency and initiation time when handover may fail. Through performance evaluation, we show that our scheme provides more robust mechanism than other schemes.

Mobility-Aware Video Streaming in MIMO-Capable Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

“…Standard IP-routing mechanisms will deliver packets that are destined for an MNhome address. The domain of a visited network comprises several ARs and wireless APs that an MN can connect with [10]. We assume that each AR comprises an interface that is connected to a distinct set of APs and that the same network prefix cannot be assigned to the interface of a different AR; that is, ARs are distinguished by their own prefix.…”

“…The DAD corresponds to most of the handover latency because it requires time in the order of seconds to detect whether the nCoA of the MN has been duplicated. Different from [10], the MN in this paper sophisticatedly selects the best wireless technology from among multiple wireless network interfaces (WNICs) and a MIMO forwarding scheme for robust mobile video streaming.…”

“…For the performance measures for the proposed scheme and the other schemes, we used the average PSNR for the video quality of an encoded sequence, the handover delay, and the video delay. Figure 11 shows the video-streaming delay based on handover schemes such as MIPv6, HMIPv6, FMIPv6, eFMIPv6 [10], the hybrid scheme [14], HPIN [15] and the proposed scheme when the MNs move according to Figure 10. The video-streaming delay of the proposed scheme was prominently reduced and is therefore an improvement over the previous work [14].…”

“…Different from the previous works [10][11][12][13], specifically, the main goal of our proposed scheme is a mechanism that selects the "best," according to an appropriate metric, wireless technology for a robust mobile-video-streaming service among all of the wireless technologies, whereby the handover and video latency are reduced on average, and the effects of perfect and imperfect handover predictions are analyzed in terms of MIMO-capable, heterogeneous wireless technologies.…”

“…Through a performance evaluation, we show that our scheme provides a mechanism that is more robust than those of the other schemes such as eFMIPv6 [10], FMIPv6, HMIPv6, the hybrid algorithm [14] and Handoff Protocol for Integrated Networks (HPINs) [15] for which the MIMO routing protocol (MIR) [16] of mobile-video-streaming services is considered.…”