A role for flies (Diptera) in the transmission of<i>Campylobacter</i>to broilers?

Royden, Alexandra; Wedley, Amy; Merga, J. Yvette; Rushton, Stephen; Hald, Birthe; Humphrey, Tom J.; Williams, Nicola

doi:10.1017/s0950268816001539

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A recent study that investigated biosecurity practices on Australian commercial layer farms showed that wild birds were commonly reported to be present in free-range farms (73%) and it was noted that they are potential sources of diseases that can be transmitted to laying hens (31). Flies have previously been implicated in the transmission of other Campylobacter species to chickens (32). Some water, soil, mite, and dust samples were also PCRpositive for C. hepaticus DNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campylobacter hepaticus, the Cause of Spotty Liver Disease in Chickens: Transmission and Routes of Infection

Phung

Vezina

Anwar³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The epidemiology of Spotty Liver Disease (SLD) was investigated by assaying 1,840 samples collected from layer chickens and the environment in poultry farms across Australia for the presence of Campylobacter hepaticus, the agent responsible SLD in chickens. A C. hepaticus specific PCR and bacterial culture were used. Results showed that birds could be infected with C. hepaticus up to 8 weeks before clinical SLD was manifested. In addition, birds could be infected long before laying starts, as young as 12 weeks old, but the peak period for SLD outbreaks was when the birds were 26-27 weeks old. Campylobacter hepaticus DNA was detected in motile organisms such as wild birds and rats and so these organisms may be vectors for C. hepaticus dissemination. Moreover, water, soil, mites, flies, and dust samples from SLD infected farms were also found to be PCR-positive for C. hepaticus DNA. However, it still remains to be determined whether these environmental sources carry any viable C. hepaticus. The indications from this study are that environmental sources are a likely transmission source of C. hepaticus. Therefore, biosecurity practices need to be strictly followed to prevent the spread of SLD amongst and between flocks. Also, a rapid, molecular detection method such as PCR should be used as to monitor for C. hepaticus presence in flocks before clinical disease is apparent, and therefore inform the use of biosecurity and therapeutic measures to help prevent SLD outbreaks.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campylobacter hepaticus, the Cause of Spotty Liver Disease in Chickens: Transmission and Routes of Infection

Phung

Vezina

Anwar³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consequently, installation of fly screens around ventilation openings delayed and reduced Campylobacter colonization in flocks (Hald et al., ). A UK study using multilocus sequence typing demonstrated that flies were carrying broiler‐associated sequence types, responsible for human enteric illness (Royden et al., ). Larger fly populations during summer may be a substantial cause of seasonality and time trends for Campylobacter survival and transmission.…”

Section: Prevention Of Colonization and Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge gaps in control ofCampylobacterfor prevention of campylobacteriosis

Hansson

Sandberg

Habib

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

146

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Campylobacteriosis is an important, worldwide public health problem with numerous socio-economic impacts. Since 2015, approximately 230,000 cases have been reported annually in Europe. In the United States, Australia and New Zealand, campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported disease. Poultry and poultry products are considered important sources of human infections. Poultry meat can become contaminated with Campylobacter during slaughter if live chickens are intestinal carriers. Campylobacter spp. can be transferred from animals to humans through consumption and handling of contaminated food products, with fresh chicken meat being the most commonly implicated food type. Regarding food-borne disease, the most important Campylobacter species are Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. In humans, clinical signs of campylobacteriosis include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, fever, headache, nausea and vomiting. Most cases of campylobacteriosis are sporadic and self-limiting, but there are post-infection complications, for example, Guillain-Barrés syndrome. This review summarizes an analysis undertaken by the DISCONTOOLS group of experts on campylobacteriosis. Gaps were identified in: (i) knowledge of true number of infected humans; (ii) mechanisms of pathogenicity to induce infection in humans; (iii) training to prevent transfer of Campylobacter from raw to ready-to-eat food; (iv) development of effective vaccines; (v) understanding transmission routes to broiler flocks; (vi) knowledge of bacteriocins, bacteriophages and antimicrobial peptides as preventive therapies; (vii) ration formulation as an effective preventive measure at a farm level; (viii) development of kits for rapid detection and quantification of Campylobacter in animals and food products; and (ix) development of more effective antimicrobials for treatment of humans infected with Campylobacter. Some of these gaps are relevant worldwide, whereas others are more related to problems encountered with Campylobacter in industrialized countries.

show abstract

“…Even with improving farm biosecurity levels the Campylobacter colonisation of broilers is extremely difficult to prevent. 20,21 After approximately two weeks poultry flocks are frequently colonised with C. jejuni without any apparent symptoms.…”

Section: Farm Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Relatively low Campylobacter isolation rates have been recorded from Dipteran flies. 21 However, in the summer the potential of broiler Campylobacter colonisation from this potential reservoir could in theory rise when fly populations increase. 21 Certain investigations have shown no significant overlaps in the Campylobacter populations in poultry and wildlife.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 However, in the summer the potential of broiler Campylobacter colonisation from this potential reservoir could in theory rise when fly populations increase. 21 Certain investigations have shown no significant overlaps in the Campylobacter populations in poultry and wildlife. 30 The incorporation of ecological data into studies of C. jejuni in wild birds has the potential to resolve when and how wild birds contribute to domestic animal and human C. jejuni infection, leading to the improved control of initial poultry contamination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation