A role for newly forming sea ice in springtime polar tropospheric ozone loss? Observational evidence from Halley station, Antarctica

Jones, A. E.; Anderson, P. S.; Wolff, Eric W.; Turner, John; Rankin, Andrew M.; Colwell, S. R.

doi:10.1029/2005jd006566

Cited by 69 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…If the two air masses have different chemical signatures, the sampling point would observe a rapid change in air composition. This is assumed to be the mechanism underlying some of the observed very rapid Ozone Depletion Events with no associated change in wind direction, such as described in (Bottenheim and Chan, 2006) in Alaska and (Jones et al, 2006) in Antarctica. The recent technique of using reanalysis back trajectories that has highlighted how the source area (and altitude) can rapidly evolve with no apparent local changes in wind pattern (work in progress: .…”

Section: Horizontal Transport: Advectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boundary layer physics over snow and ice

2008

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Abstract.Observations of the unique chemical environment over snow and ice in recent decades, particularly in the polar regions, have stimulated increasing interest in the boundary layer processes that mediate exchanges between the ice/snow interface and the atmosphere. This paper provides a review of the underlying concepts and examples from recent field studies in polar boundary layer meteorology, which will generally apply to atmospheric flow over snow and ice surfaces. It forms a companion paper to the chemistry review papers in this special issue of ACP that focus on processes linking halogens to the depletion of boundary layer ozone in coastal environments, mercury transport and deposition, snow photochemistry, and related snow physics. In this context, observational approaches, stable boundary layer behavior, the effects of a weak or absent diurnal cycle, and transport and mixing over the heterogeneous surfaces characteristic of coastal ocean environments are of particular relevance.

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Section: Horizontal Transport: Advectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 for a detailed discussion of boundary layer instrumentation). Results from these facilities are reported elsewhere, , but especial note should be taken of Jones et al (2006) describing the dependence of near surface ozone upon mixing or frontal events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary layer physics over snow and ice

2008

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“…The properties of the sea ice surface and snow cover provide major controls to the bromine (Br) and ozone (O 3 ) chemistry in the polar atmospheric boundary layer [Rankin et al, 2002;Kaleschke et al, 2004;Jones et al, 2006;Simpson et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2008;Nghiem et al, 2012], but mechanisms are not yet clear. The surface of first-year ice is generally more saline than that of multi-year ice, due to contributions from sea ice brine, flooding seawater and deposited sea salt from nearby leads and polynyas, while the surface of Arctic multi-year ice is washed by flushing in summer and is therefore almost fresh [e.g., Vancoppenolle et al, 2007].…”

Section: Sea Ice Surface Bromine and Tropospheric Ozone Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frost flowers [Rankin et al, 2002] were the first candidate for the strong BrO source, because of their high content in brine, a potentially large specific surface area, and the associated enrichment in major ions compared to seawater [Douglas et al, 2012]. Backtracking atmospheric parcel trajectories identified young ice regions as sources of bromine explosions and ozone depletion in the Antarctic sea ice zone [Kaleschke et al, 2004;Jones et al, 2006]. First-year ice surfaces, rather than only frost flowers, are now considered to provide the source of BrO, as the specific surface area of frost flowers is not as large as initially expected [Domine et al, 2005].…”

Section: Sea Ice Surface Bromine and Tropospheric Ozone Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

Vancoppenolle

Meiners

Michel

et al. 2013

Quaternary Science Reviews

217

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International audienceObservations from the last decade suggest an important role of sea ice in the global biogeochemical cycles, promoted by (i) active biological and chemical processes within the sea ice; (ii) fluid and gas exchanges at the sea ice interface through an often permeable sea ice cover; and (iii) tight physical, biological and chemical interactions between the sea ice, the ocean and the atmosphere. Photosynthetic micro-organisms in sea ice thrive in liquid brine inclusions encased in a pure ice matrix, where they find suitable light and nutrient levels. They extend the production season, provide a winter and early spring food source, and contribute to organic carbon export to depth. Under-ice and ice edge phytoplankton blooms occur when ice retreats, favoured by increasing light, stratification, and by the release of material into the water column. In particular, the release of iron - highly concentrated in sea ice - could have large effects in the iron-limited Southern Ocean. The export of inorganic carbon transport by brine sinking below the mixed layer, calcium carbonate precipitation in sea ice, as well as active ice-atmosphere carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluxes, could play a central role in the marine carbon cycle. Sea ice processes could also significantly contribute to the sulphur cycle through the large production by ice algae of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), the precursor of sulphate aerosols, which as cloud condensation nuclei have a potential cooling effect on the planet. Finally, the sea ice zone supports significant ocean-atmosphere methane (CH₄) fluxes, while saline ice surfaces activate springtime atmospheric bromine chemistry, setting ground for tropospheric ozone depletion events observed near both poles. All these mechanisms are generally known, but neither precisely understood nor quantified at large scales. As polar regions are rapidly changing, understanding the large-scale polar marine biogeochemical processes and their future evolution is of high priority. Earth system models should in this context prove essential, but they currently represent sea ice as biologically and chemically inert. Palaeoclimatic proxies are also relevant, in particular the sea ice proxies, inferring past sea ice conditions from glacial and marine sediment core records and providing analogues for future changes. Being highly constrained by marine biogeochemistry, sea ice proxies would not only contribute to but also benefit from a better understanding of polar marine biogeochemical cycles

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“…The influence of halogens on surface ozone is also clearly apparent during springtime. Figure 8 shows the springtime ozone depletion events (ODEs), previously seen at Halley (Jones et al, 2006) and indeed a commonly-recognised feature at coastal sites in both polar regions (e.g. Simpson et al, 2007).…”

Section: Surface Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry of the Antarctic Boundary Layer and the Interface with Snow: an overview of the CHABLIS campaign

et al. 2008

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Abstract. CHABLIS (Chemistry of the Antarctic BoundaryLayer and the Interface with Snow) was a collaborative UK research project aimed at probing the detailed chemistry of the Antarctic boundary layer and the exchange of trace gases at the snow surface. The centre-piece to CHABLIS was the measurement campaign, conducted at the British Antarctic Survey station, Halley, in coastal Antarctica, from January 2004 through to February 2005. The campaign measurements covered an extremely wide range of species allowing investigations to be carried out within the broad context of boundary layer chemistry. Here we present an overview of the CHABLIS campaign. We provide details of the measurement location and introduce the Clean Air Sector Laboratory (CASLab) where the majority of the instruments were housed. We describe the meteorological conditions experienced during the campaign and present supporting chemical data, both of which provide a context within which to view the campaign results. Finally we provide a brief sumCorrespondence to: A. E. Jones (a.jones@bas.ac.uk) mary of highlights from the measurement campaign. Unexpectedly high halogen concentrations profoundly affect the chemistry of many species at Halley throughout the sunlit months, with a secondary role played by emissions from the snowpack. This overarching role for halogens in coastal Antarctic boundary layer chemistry was completely unanticipated, and the results have led to a step-change in our thinking and understanding.

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A role for newly forming sea ice in springtime polar tropospheric ozone loss? Observational evidence from Halley station, Antarctica

Cited by 69 publications

References 23 publications

Boundary layer physics over snow and ice

Boundary layer physics over snow and ice

Role of sea ice in global biogeochemical cycles: emerging views and challenges

Chemistry of the Antarctic Boundary Layer and the Interface with Snow: an overview of the CHABLIS campaign

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