This paper presents Current statistical model based Adaptive Unscented Kalman Filter (CAUKF) for maneuvering target tracking, which is based on Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI). In order to introduce the Kalman filter, the state-space model, which uses RSSI values as the measurement equation, needs to be obtained. Thus a current statistical model for maneuvering target based on the path loss model is presented. To avoid the negative influence of current statistical model's limited acceleration, the functional relation between the maneuvering status of target and the estimation of the neighboring position information is applied to carry out the adaptation of the process noise covariance Q(k). Then, a novel idea of modified Sage-Husa estimator is introduced to adapt the process noise covariance matrix Q(k), while the adaptive measurement noise covariance matrix R(k) is implemented by a fuzzy inference system. The experimental results show that the final improved CAUKF is an algorithm with faster response and better tracking accuracy especially in maneuvering target tracking. Index Terms-Maneuvering target tracking, adaptive unscented kalman filter, current statistical model, wireless sensor network, received signal strength indication I. INTRODUCTION The development pace of target tracking research is highly tied up with the advancement of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and wireless technologies. As sensor nodes in WSN become smaller and stronger, the ability of information processing is much stronger and wireless network operation management is also more intelligent. At present, many target tracking algorithms for wireless system have been proposed. Because Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based tracking technology is lowcost and operable, so it is used widely in practical applications. The particular interest is the ability to track targets carrying active RFID tags, by exploiting metrics of their periodic transmissions such as Time of Arrival (TOA), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Arrival (AOA), and Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) [1]. The traditional RSSI based tracking method