A sarcopenia index based on serum creatinine and cystatin C cannot accurately detect either low muscle mass or sarcopenia in urban community-dwelling older people

Jiang, Jie; Xie, Li; Zhang, Luoying; Yang, Ming

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29808-6

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We validated our findings in an independent cohort and confirmed that a reduced SI (indicative of lower muscle mass) was associated with poorer outcomes, including frailty . These findings differ somewhat from a recently published study in 371 community‐dwelling adults ≥60 years old with normal kidney function . These authors found that SI exhibited only modest accuracy for prediction of muscle mass or sarcopenia depending on the definition utilized.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…11 These findings differ somewhat from a recently published study in 371 community-dwelling adults ࣙ60 years old with normal kidney function. 27 These authors found that SI exhibited only modest accuracy for prediction of muscle mass or sarcopenia depending on the definition utilized. We hypothesize that their lower incidence of reduced muscle mass (19%-57% vs 70%), decreased overall prevalence of sarcopenia (11%-25%), and differences in the study populations (community vs ICU) and definitions utilized could explain these disparate findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sarcopenia Index Is a Simple Objective Screening Tool for Malnutrition in the Critically Ill

Barreto

Kanderi

DiCecco

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Background Reliable and valid tools to screen for malnutrition in the intensive care unit (ICU) remain elusive. The sarcopenia index (SI) [(serum creatinine/serum cystatin C) × 100], could be an inexpensive, objective tool to predict malnutrition. We evaluated the SI as a screening tool for malnutrition in the ICU and compared it with the modified‐NUTRIC score. Materials and Methods This was a historical cohort study of ICU patients with stable kidney function admitted to Mayo Clinic ICUs between 2008 and 2015. Malnutrition was defined by the Subjective Global Assessment. Diagnostic performance was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and multivariable logistic regression. Results Of the 398 included patients, 181 (45%) had malnutrition, with 34 (9%) scored as severely malnourished. The SI was significantly lower in malnourished patients than in well‐nourished patients (64 ± 27 vs 72 ± 25; P = 0.002), and reductions in SI corresponded to increased malnutrition severity (P = 0.001). As a screening tool, the SI was an indicator of malnutrition risk (AUC 0.61) and performed slightly better than the more complex modified‐NUTRIC score (AUC = 0.57). SI cutoffs of 101 and 43 had >90% sensitivity and >90% specificity, respectively, for the prediction of malnutrition. Patients with a low SI (≤43) had a significantly higher risk of mortality (HR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.06–6.48, P = 0.038). Conclusion The frequency of malnutrition was high in this critically ill population, and it was associated with a poor prognosis. The SI could be used to assess nutrition risk in ICU patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia Index Is a Simple Objective Screening Tool for Malnutrition in the Critically Ill

Barreto

Kanderi

DiCecco

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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“…As we aforementioned, due to the defects of current diagnostic methods for sarcopenia, the validation of a specific biomarker as the surrogate marker of sarcopenia is an attractive method 25 . As a newcomer in this field, the SI and a very similar biomarker (serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio) are of low cost, high accessibility, and repeatability 26 , therefore, they have been studied in different populations since being introduced in 2015 [16][17][18][19]27 . Only two previous studies addressed the association between the SI and mortality 16,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the SI can accurately estimate sarcopenia in older people, it would be of great value for simplifying the diagnostic procedure of sarcopenia. Unfortunately, our team compared the SI with four classic diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia and found it could not accurately detect either low muscle mass or sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people 18 . However, most recently, Barreto et al 19 reported that the SI was a predictor of muscle mass and related to longer hospital length of stay and frailty among 171 ICU patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia index based on serum creatinine and cystatin C is associated with 3-year mortality in hospitalized older patients

Tang

Zhuo

Xie

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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To investigate the association of the sarcopenia index (SI, serum creatinine value/cystatin C value × 100) with 3-year mortality and readmission among older inpatients, we reanalyzed a prospective study in the geriatric ward of a teaching hospital in western China. Older inpatients aged ≥ 60 years with normal kidney function were included. Survival status and readmission information were assessed annually during the 3-year follow-up. We applied Cox regression models to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of sarcopenia for predicting mortality and readmission. We included 248 participants (mean age: 81.2 ± 6.6 years). During the follow-up, 57 participants (23.9%) died, whereas 179 participants (75.2%) were readmitted at least one time. The SI was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.214, p = 0.001), calf circumference (CC) (r = 0.253, p < 0.001), handgrip strength (r = 0.244, p < 0.001), and gait speed (r = 0.221, p < 0.001). A higher SI was independently associated with a lower risk of 3-year all-cause mortality after adjusting for potential confounders (HR per 1-SD = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.63-0.97). The SI was not significantly associated with readmission (HR per 1-SD = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.77-1.25). In conclusion, the SI is associated with 3-year all-cause mortality but not readmission in a study population of hospitalized older patients.

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“…Given that a "gold standard" operational definition of sarcopenia is still lacking, we decided to opt for using a multi-algorithms strategy to define and detect "sarcopenic" older adults from the participants of this study, in line with previous studies [55,56]. More specifically, we used the 1st and 2nd version of the EWGSOP, respectively EWGSOP1 [4] and EWGSOP2 [5], the IWGS [6], the SCWD [7] and the FNIH [8].…”

Section: Operational Definition Of Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticospinal Control of Human Locomotion as a New Determinant of Age-Related Sarcopenia: An Exploratory Study

Gennaro

Maino

Kaelin‐Lang

et al. 2020

JCM

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Sarcopenia is a muscle disease listed within the ICD-10 classification. Several operational definitions have been created for sarcopenia screening; however, an international consensus is lacking. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recently recognized that sarcopenia detection requires improved diagnosis and screening measures. Mounting evidence hints towards changes in the corticospinal communication system where corticomuscular coherence (CMC) reflects an effective mechanism of corticospinal interaction. CMC can be assessed during locomotion by means of simultaneously measuring Electroencephalography (EEG) and Electromyography (EMG). The aim of this study was to perform sarcopenia screening in community-dwelling older adults and explore the possibility of using CMC assessed during gait to discriminate between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves showed high sensitivity, precision and accuracy of CMC assessed from EEG Cz sensor and EMG sensors located over Musculus Vastus Medialis [Cz-VM; AUC (95.0%CI): 0.98 (0.92-1.04), sensitivity: 1.00, 1-specificity: 0.89, p < 0.001] and with Musculus Biceps Femoris [Cz-BF; AUC (95.0%CI): 0.86 (0.68-1.03), sensitivity: 1.00, 1-specificity: 0.70, p < 0.001]. These muscles showed significant differences with large magnitude of effect between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults [Hedge's g (95.0%CI): 2.2 (1.3-3.1), p = 0.005 and Hedge's g (95.0%CI): 1.5 (0.7-2.2), p = 0.010; respectively]. The novelty of this exploratory investigation is the hint toward a novel possible determinant of age-related sarcopenia, derived from corticospinal control of locomotion and shown by the observed large differences in CMC when sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults are compared. This, in turn, might represent in future a potential treatment target to counteract sarcopenia as well as a parameter to monitor the progression of the disease and/or the potential recovery following other treatment interventions.

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A sarcopenia index based on serum creatinine and cystatin C cannot accurately detect either low muscle mass or sarcopenia in urban community-dwelling older people

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Sarcopenia Index Is a Simple Objective Screening Tool for Malnutrition in the Critically Ill

Sarcopenia Index Is a Simple Objective Screening Tool for Malnutrition in the Critically Ill

Sarcopenia index based on serum creatinine and cystatin C is associated with 3-year mortality in hospitalized older patients

Corticospinal Control of Human Locomotion as a New Determinant of Age-Related Sarcopenia: An Exploratory Study

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