“…It has the advantages of no secondary pollution, adaptability to low-concentration ions, high selectivity, and a controllable rate. To date, ESIX has been successfully applied to the selective separation of various anions and cations such as Li + , Cs + , Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Cl – , I – , PO 4 3– , ClO 4 – , and DS – . Wherein the type and properties of film materials played a crucial role in the ESIX process.…”