A Scale Development Study: Gynecologic Cancer Prevention Information Scale

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the knowledge level of women about gynecologic cancer prevention.Methods: This study is of the methodological research type. The number of draft scale items in this study is 50. Women were taken to sample 10 times for each item (500 women) and pre-test was applied to 125 women which was 25% of the sample. The scale was re-applied to the first pre-test group after 3 weeks by test-retest method. The data were collected by using the Personal Information Form and Gynecologic Cancer Prevention Information Scale. The suitability of the data for factor analysis was investigated by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient and by Barlett's test of sphericity. In order to test the construct validity of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed.Results: Content validity index of the draft scale was 94%. Kaiser Meyer Olkin test value was 0.902 and the sample was found to be adequate and appropriate. On the other hand, the Bartlett test was obtained as X 2 =9542.07 p<0.001 and it was accepted that the scale fulfilled the requirements for exploratory factor analysis. The scale took its final form and consisted of 35 items and 5 sub-dimensions as a result of the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Total percentage of variance explained of 5 factors was 66.53%. That the cronbach alpha coefficients of the scale have high coefficients of 0.82-0.95 and that the test-retest values have coefficients of 0.566-0.881 and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.951. Conclusion:The data obtained from this study reveal that scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the knowledge level of women about gynecologic cancer prevention.

The awareness levels of women for gynecologic cancer in Turkey: A cross‐sectional study

“…As women's scores on the GCAS increase, their awareness levels about gynecologic cancer also increase. Cronbach's α coefficient of the GCAS was 0.94 in the study by Dal and Ertem 16 and was also 0.94 in this study.…”

“…The GCAS was developed by Dal and Ertem in 2007 to assess the gynecologic cancer awareness of married women aged between 20 and 65 in Turkey 16 . It has 41 items and four subscales.…”

“…To increase women's participation in gynecologic screening programs, their awareness about this subject should be increased first 18–21 . Carrying out activities to raise awareness about gynecologic cancer will increase women's motivation to participate in early screening programs 16,17 . Studies on gynecologic cancer awareness are limited in Turkey and mostly focus on cervical cancer 16,22–28 …”

“…Women avoid visiting health institutions or delay visits for gynecologic examinations because of lack of knowledge, not caring about health issues, financial problems, sex of healthcare personnel, not having time, fear, and shame 11,13–15 . Determining the factors that prevent women from participating in early screening programs is important for improving related strategic activities 16,17 . To increase women's participation in gynecologic screening programs, their awareness about this subject should be increased first 18–21 .…”

“…16,17 Studies on gynecologic cancer awareness are limited in Turkey and mostly focus on cervical cancer. 16,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28] This study determined the awareness levels of women attending Municipality. The sample size was calculated using the simple random sampling method with a known population (n = Nt 2 •p•q/d 2 •(N -1) + t 2 •p).…”