A scanning electron microscopic study of dentinal erosion by final irrigation with EDTA and NaOCl solutions

Niu, Weidong; Yoshioka, Takatomo; Kobayashi, Chihiro; Suda, Hiroshi

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00594.x

Cited by 197 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…42 This information has to be interpreted with care, as the removal of smear layer in the apical region remains unpredictable. 20,43 The latter was also the case in the present study ( Fig. 1c and d).…”

Section: S-46supporting

confidence: 89%

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Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Michiels

Vergauwen

Mavridou

et al. 2010

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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Objective: This study investigates the effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation combined with different irrigation protocols on the marginal seal of root fillings. Background data: Limited information exists regarding the effects of morphologic changes to root canal (RC) walls after Nd:YAG laser irradiation after smear-layer removal with EDTA on the sealing ability of root fillings. Methods: The 75 root-filled teeth (5Â15 teeth) were analyzed for through-and-through leakage by using capillary flow porometry (CFP). The RC cleaning procedure determined the assignment to a group: (1) irrigation with NaOCl 2.5% and EDTA 17% or standard protocol (SP), (2) SP þ Nd:YAG lasing (dried RC), (3) NaOCl 2.5% þ Nd:YAG lasing (dried RC), (4) SP þ Nd:YAG lasing (wet RC), or (5) NaOCl 2.5% þ Nd:YAG lasing (wet RC). Groups 1r to 5r consisted of the same filled teeth with resected apices up to the most apical point of the preparation length. Resection was performed after the first CFP measurement. Roots were filled with cold lateral condensation. CFP was used to assess minimum, mean flow and maximum pore diameters after 48 h, and immediately after these measurements, including root resection. Statistics were performed by using nonparametric tests ( p > 0.05). An additional three roots per group were submitted to SEM of the RC wall. Results: Through-and-through leakage was observed in all groups. Statistically significant differences were observed in maximum pore diameter: 1r > 3r, and 1r > 5r; in mean flow pore diameter: 1r > 2r, 2r < 4r ( p < 0.05). Typical Nd:YAG glazing effects were observed when the smear layer was present and exposed to the laser fiber (i.e., in the groups without use of EDTA) or when the fiber tip made direct contact with a smear-layer free RC wall. Conclusions: The reduction in through-and-through leakage is significantly higher with the Nd:YAG laser as smear-layer modifier than when smear layer is removed with an EDTA rinsing solution.

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Section: S-46supporting

confidence: 89%

“…EDTA rinsing solution used as a final rinse provides effective smear-layer removal. 19,20 Irrigants that can remove the smear layer allow penetration of sealers into dentinal tubules.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Michiels

Vergauwen

Mavridou

et al. 2010

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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“…On the other hand, erosion can also help optimize the cleaning of the canal wall, eliminating debris and bacteria from the endodontic space. 16,34 Although the CA and PA groups caused greater erosion in dentinal tubules when compared to the EDTA and QMiX groups, these solutions did not significantly change microhardness at 500 µm. According to Saghiri et al, 12 erosion is not the main cause of reduction in dentin hardness, as the depth of irrigant penetration might be the key factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin

et al. 2017

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin. Sixty root canals from mandibular incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into six groups (n = 10) according to the irrigant used: QMiX, 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid (CA), 1% peracetic acid (PA), 2.5% NaOCl (solution control), and distilled water (negative control). The chelating solutions were used to irrigate the canal followed by 2.5% NaOCl as a final flush. After the irrigation protocols, all specimens were rinsed with 10 mL of distilled water to remove any residue of the chemical solutions. Before and after the final irrigation protocols, dentin microhardness was measured with a Knoop indenter. Three indentations were made at 100 µm and 500 µm from the root canal lumen. Afterwards, the specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscopic analysis and the amount of dentin erosion was examined. Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze the results with a significance level set at 5%. At 100 µm, all protocols significantly reduced dentin microhardness (p < .05), while at 500 µm, this effect was detected only in the EDTA and QMiX groups (p < .05). CA was the irrigant that caused more extensive erosion in dentinal tubules, followed by PA and EDTA. QMiX opened dentinal tubules, but did not cause dentin erosion. Results suggest that QMiX and 17% EDTA reduced dentin microhardness at a greater depth. Additionally, QMiX did not cause dentin erosion.

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“…Nevertheless, this association leads to dentinal tubule orifice opening, intertubular dentinal erosion (12,20) and dentin microhardness reduction (21). When NaOCl was used alone as an irrigating agent, the exposed inorganic material prevented further dissolution of dentine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Niu et al (20) demonstrated that final irrigation with 6% NaOCl after treatment with 15% EDTA causes erosion of peritubular and intertubular dentin. Surface dentin was neither smooth nor flat and dentinal tubule orifices were irregularly enlarged (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracanal Irrigating Solutions Prior to Calcium Hydroxide Medication and Its Effects on Root Dentin Strength

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of intracanal irrigation with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) prior to calcium hydroxide medication on the compressive strength of root dentin. Forty-eight roots with single and straight canals were instrumented with a crown-down technique using Flexofile files and Gates Glidden burs, under 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) irrigation. Root canals were randomly separated into 4 groups (n=12), according to the irrigating solution: Control Group, 0.9% NaCl; Group NaOCl , 1% NaOCl; Group EDTA , 17% EDTA; and Group EDTA+NaOCl , 17% EDTA and 1% NaOCl. Solutions remained for 40 min, renewed every 10 min, except for Group EDTA+NaOCl , where the solutions were alternated every 10 min. Canals were dried and filled with calcium hydroxide paste, and radiographed. Each canal was sealed and stored at 37 °C for 30 days. After this period, the roots were cut 1 mm below the cementoenamel junction and 6 mm apically from this point in order to obtain 6 mm-long cylinders. The compressive test was conducted with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The means (±SD) (MPa) of compressive strength were: Control Group, 151.23±94.36; Group NaOCl , 167.50±57.25; Group EDTA , 108.79±99.88; Group EDTA+NaOCl , 60.12±92.10. Significant statistical differences among groups were found (ANOVA and Tukey, α=5%, p=0.02). Control Group and Group NaOCl showed higher means of compressive strength than Group EDTA+NaOCl . Intracanal irrigation with 17% EDTA and 1% NaOCl produced a significant reduction of dentin compressive strength 30 days after medication with calcium hydroxide.

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A scanning electron microscopic study of dentinal erosion by final irrigation with EDTA and NaOCl solutions

Abstract: Final irrigation with 6% NaOCl accelerates dentinal erosion following treatment with 15% EDTA.

Cited by 197 publications

References 17 publications

Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Effect of final irrigation protocols on microhardness reduction and erosion of root canal dentin

Intracanal Irrigating Solutions Prior to Calcium Hydroxide Medication and Its Effects on Root Dentin Strength

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