A Schiff base platform: structures, sensing of Zn(ii) and PPi in aqueous medium and anticancer activity

Abstract

A reaction of N,N-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene) diethylenetriamine (H2Vd) and Zn(NO)·6HO, ZnBr, ZnI and Cd(NO)·4HO in a methanol solution led to zinc and cadmium complexes of different nuclearities, [Zn(Vd·H)(X)]·CHOH (X = NO, Br, I) [1a, 1b and 1c] and Cd(Vd)(NO) (2). In 1(a-c), two H2Vd ligands bridge the two metal centers whereas in 2, they provide sideways support to two terminal Cd ions, providing an all-oxygen envelope to the central Cd ion. All four compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complexes 1(a-c) exhibit dinuclear structures, whereas 2 exhibits a nearly linear trinuclear structure. The structural differences among these complexes are attributable to various coordination modes and flexible configurations of the H2Vd ligand. The ligand H2Vd is an excellent probe for sensing Zn in solution, whereas complexes 1(a-c) are able to selectively detect pyrophosphate (PPi) in aqueous medium. The structure of the pyrophosphate (PPi) complex has been proposed using DFT calculations and the selectivity is due to the unique ability of this anion to simultaneously coordinate to both the Zn metal centers. The anticancer activity of complexes 1(a-c) was also explored.

Pyrophosphate Prompted Aggregation‐Induced Emission: Chemosensor Studies, Cell Imaging, Cytotoxicity, and Hydrolysis of the Phosphoester Bond with Alkaline Phosphatase

“…Pyrophosphate is one of the important biological anions, as it demonstrates an intense role in many cellular processes , . Therefore, it has led to the remarkable interest of analytical chemist to synthesize such sensor which can detect PPi in the biological system.…”

A hexa-quinoline basedC3-symmetric chemosensor for dual sensing of zinc(ii) and PPi in an aqueous mediumviachelation induced “OFF–ON–OFF” emission

“…On the other hand, the sensor with multiple Zn 2+ sites would be a potential candidate for screening phosphates including its higher analogues. [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] Chart 1 Chemical structure of the ligand 1.…”

Structural Characterization of Heterodinuclear ZnII-LnIII Complexes (Ln = Pr, Nd) with a Ring-Contracted H2valdien-Derived Schiff Base Ligand

“…Nevertheless, the inner compartment can also host lanthanide ions [8,[23][24][25][26]. Moreover, the H 2 valdien ligand has also been encountered in a chelate-spacerchelate bridging mode in dinuclear complexes with the aliphatic secondary amine linkages remaining unbound to the metal ions [27][28][29][30].…”