A Scientometric Analysis and Visualization of Global LEED Research

Lei, Mingzhu; Cui, Tong

doi:10.3390/buildings12081099

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The difference between the expected performance of a building, as predicted with energy modeling tools, and the "real" performance during operation has prompted changes in LEED's certification process. Regardless of this limitation, in the twenty years since its introduction, LEED has become the most widely used and recognized credit-based building certification system for sustainability in the United States [4,5] and research on this rating system has continued to grow [6]. The LEED rating system awards certification based on the number of points obtained by fulfilling requirements across multiple categories, including sustainable sites (SS), water efficiency (WE), energy and atmosphere (EA), materials and resources (MR), indoor environmental quality (EQ), and innovation and design process (ID).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Sustainability of New Construction Projects over Time by Examining the Evolution of the LEED Rating System

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 1998, the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) developed the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) program to provide a standard form of evaluation for sustainability in building design and construction. Since its inception, LEED has undergone seven significant revisions, wherein the expectations needed to achieve the desired certification level were clarified and updated. The reasons for these updates are varied and include the recognition of new technologies and materials, the application of more stringent energy standards, and the recognition of differences in building types. However, the perception within the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry is that higher certification levels are more challenging to obtain in each subsequent version of LEED. For example, projects receiving a Gold certification under LEED 2.1 may only qualify for a Silver certification under LEED 3.0. The goals of this paper are to review changes in LEED over time and to empirically test this perception. Direct comparisons of the text of the credit requirements were performed between LEED versions (v) 2.1, v2.2, and v3.0 on a credit-by-credit basis. The comparison revealed ten different categories of changes between versions. From this comparison, conversion matrices were developed to allow a project scorecard from an older version of LEED to be converted to a newer version. To address uncertainty resulting from changing the level of detail in the information submitted on project scorecards, both strict and interpretative versions of these matrices were developed. These matrices were then applied to a sample of LEED-certified building projects, drawn using a stratified random sampling procedure from the publicly available USGBC database. The strata were separated first by LEED version (e.g., v2.1, v2.2, and v3.0) and then by certification level (e.g., Certified, Silver, Gold, Platinum). After converting the project scorecards from this sample, qualitative and correlational analyses were performed to test the hypothesis that LEED scores increase over time. The results show that in both strict and interpretive transformations, LEED scores show a slight to moderate increase in points over time.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Sustainability of New Construction Projects over Time by Examining the Evolution of the LEED Rating System

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Green, intelligent, and information-based construction is the research frontier all over the world currently. As a kind of green structure, precast concrete structures, with the advantages of low carbon emissions and efficient construction, have been widely used in construction systems, which is and will be the world's mainstream future construction industrialization [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The core technology of precast concrete structures is the connection between individual components, and after that, the high-quality joints enable effective force transfer to provide bearing capacity and ductility [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation Methodology for Prefabricated Shear Walls Considering Stochastic Defects in Grouting Materials

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The most used connection form for reinforced steel bars is the grouting sleeve using cement-based grouting materials. Hence, the quality of the grouting sleeve connection determines whether the performance of a precast concrete structure is equivalent to that of a cast in situ concrete structure. However, several existing reasons, namely, insufficient grouting cement or poor construction controls and even stochastic bubble holes, lead to inevitable grouting defects. The behavior of precast concrete structures is affected dramatically. Considering the cost and efficiency of the analysis of precast concrete structures, the finite element method is still the most used method, but the simulation technology of structures considering stochastic defects in grouting materials is not sufficient. Herein, a simulation method considering stochastic defects in precast concrete structures is proposed, and the application of the method to grouting sleeves and shear wall structures is performed to verify its accuracy and feasibility. The construction of stochastic defects in grouting material is first realized through the Python scripter. Secondly, the mechanical parameters are obtained from the refined finite element analysis of grouting sleeves with material defects. Finally, based on the obtained mechanical properties of grouting sleeves, the behaviors of precast shear walls under blast loading are analyzed. The simulations of grouting sleeves under uniaxial tensile loading and precast concrete shear walls under blast loading both indicate that the proposed numerical method is feasible in solving the structural issues with stochastic defects in grouting materials.

show abstract