A Scoping Review of Cognitive Bias in Internet Addiction and Internet Gaming Disorders

Chia, Doris X. Y.; Zhang, Melvyn

doi:10.3390/ijerph17010373

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…), but the result is the same: problematic internet users are unable to control their online activities to such an extent that it has a negative effect on their lives [ 1 ]. The disorder is increasingly prevalent; it may concern about 6% of the whole population based on the systematic review and meta-analysis published by Chen and his workgroup in 2014 [ 2 ]. A very recent meta-analysis showed increased prevalence, most likely driven by the increased rate of internet gaming addiction, reflecting the possible role of increasing human–machine interaction [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Internet Addiction among Hungarian High School Students

Kapus

Nyulas

Nemeskéri

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Introduction: The extensive availability of the internet has led to the recognition of problematic internet use (so-called internet addiction—IA) mostly concerning adolescents. Aim: Here, we present a study focusing on the prevalence and risk factors of internet addiction in Hungarian high school students, using a questionnaire-based survey. Results: Overall, 3000 paper-based questionnaires were successfully delivered and 2540 responses were received (response rate of 84.6%). A total of 1309 males (mean age 17.6 ± 1.43 years) (51.5%) and 1231 females (mean age 17.5 ± 1.4 years) (48.5%) took part in our study. Internet addiction was detected in 486 (19.1%) students (232 males, mean age 17.6 ± 1.35 years, and 254 females, mean age 17.34 ± 1.37 years) based on the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire. In a multivariate analysis, age (age of 17, OR = 3.688, p < 0.001), family status (living without parents) (OR = 2.091, p = 0.034), the size of the household (more than five people per household) (OR = 2.546, p = 0.026), spending more than 6 h online (OR = 5.457, p < 0.001), and daily time interval (OR = 84.316, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with internet addiction. Alcohol use (OR = 10.341, p = 0.001), drug intake (OR = 6.689, p = 0.001) and musculoskeletal disorders (OR = 3.966, p = 0.047) were also strongly associated with IA. Conclusion: A significant proportion of our students suffered from IA, which is associated with substance intake (possible abuse) and musculoskeletal pain in the multivariate analysis. Our study also draws attention to the preventable risk factors of IA, such as working hours or nighttime internet use, number of hours spent online and family surroundings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Internet Addiction among Hungarian High School Students

Kapus

Nyulas

Nemeskéri

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…It is important that clinicians continually educate their patients on coping mechanisms and ensure that plans for relapse prevention and treatment are in place. 24 , 27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there are no medications explicitly approved for the treatment of behavioral addictions, bupropion, methylphenidate and escitalopram have all been examined for this purpose alone and in concert with other therapeutic modalities. 24 , 27 To date studies evaluating these medications included small sample sizes and have not been double blinded, though a few have been randomized control trials. Escitalopram has not been shown to have a significant effect on IGD or IA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Internet Gaming Disorder: When #PlayApartTogether Takes a Dark Turn

O’Loughlin¹,

Pelletier²,

Loomis³

et al. 2022

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

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Background The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) places internet Gaming disorder (IGD) in its research appendix as a potential new behavioral addiction diagnosis that requires further investigation. As part of the media campaign #HealthyAtHome, recommendation to relieve stress and anxiety during COVID-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) advocated for the playing of video games. The encouragement and expansion of playing video games may have led to the unintentional consequence of increasing the prevalence of IGD as IGD has been postulated to be a maladaptive response to stress. Case A 34 year old male presented to his primary care physician with decline in work function, increased depression, and anxiety. Before the COVID-19 pandemic he estimated that he spent 2 h a day playing games and socialized with friends weekly; however at the time of presentation, his social interactions were through online gaming only and he was playing games 14 h per day. The patient began paroxetine and bupropion, with good result, though declined concomitant psychotherapy. Discussion Internet Gaming Disorder is a potential new behavioral addiction that is likely to increase in prevalence over the continuing course of the COVID-19 pandemic. While initial studies show promising effects of medication and psychosocial interventions, further study on standardized diagnostic criteria and effectiveness of treatment modalities is needed.

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“…this assumption that people with addictive behaviors, including younger adults and adolescents diagnosed with IGD, process addiction-related stimuli with attentional bias (Azarmehr & Ahmadi, 2020;Chia & Zhang, 2020;van Holst et al, 2012).…”

Section: Plain Language Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Online Attentional Bias Modification Training for Adolescents With Internet Gaming Disorder

Nasiry

Noori²

2022

PCP

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Objective: Previous research has shown that attentional bias toward game-related stimuli is a significant factor in the etiology, maintenance, and severity of internet gaming disorder (IGD). Therefore, interventions targeting attentional bias toward game-related stimuli can potentially ameliorate this disorder. The present research aims to examine the effectiveness of online Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) training in reducing game-related attentional bias and the severity of IGD in adolescents. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 33 adolescents with a DSM-5 diagnosis of IGD were sampled and randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=17) and a control group (n=16). The experimental group received online ABM, while no intervention was delivered to the control group. Attentional bias and IGD severity in these two groups were measured at pretest and posttest phases and then at 2 months follow-up via a modified Stroop test and internet gaming disorder-20 (IGD-20) questionnaire. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance and Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD) were implemented to analyze the data using SPSS software, version 26. Results: Game-related attentional bias and the severity of IGD were significantly decreased in the participants of the experimental group (P<0.05). The reductions were also maintained at the 2-month follow-up, whereas such reductions were not evident in the control group at any stage (P>0.05). Conclusion: Given our findings, it can be concluded that online ABM can be an auxiliary or standalone treatment for adolescents with IGD; further research is necessary to understand its mechanisms of effect.

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A Scoping Review of Cognitive Bias in Internet Addiction and Internet Gaming Disorders

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Internet Addiction among Hungarian High School Students

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Internet Addiction among Hungarian High School Students

A Case of Internet Gaming Disorder: When #PlayApartTogether Takes a Dark Turn

Online Attentional Bias Modification Training for Adolescents With Internet Gaming Disorder

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