A Scoping Review of Emerging and Established Surgical Robotic Platforms With Applications in Urologic Surgery

Abstract

Objectives Since the introduction of the first master–slave robotic platform for surgical procedures, there have been ongoing modifications and development of new platforms, but there is still a paucity of commercially available systems. Our study aims to identify all master–slave robotic surgical platforms currently commercially available or in development around the world with applications in urologic surgery. Methods A scoping literature search was performed using PRISMA methodology to identify all relevant publications in English in PubMed, PubMed Central, and Embase, with additional information being obtained from official company websites. Results Ten robotic platforms with either proven or potential application in urologic surgery were identified: the da Vinci surgical system (Intuitive), Senhance surgical system (Transentrix), Versius Surgical (CMR Ltd), Enos surgical system (Titan Medical), Revo –I (Meere Company), MiroSurge (DLR), Avatera System (Avatera Medical), Hugo Surgical Robot (Medtronic), Ottava (J&J, Ethicon, Areus), and Hinotori (Medicaroid Corporation). Conclusions This review highlights the distinct features of emerging master–slave robotic platforms with applications in urologic surgery. Research and development are now focused on finding wider applications, improving outcomes, increasing availability, and reducing cost. Additional research is required comparing newly developed master–slave robotic platforms with those already well established.

Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery—Surgical Robotics in the Data Age

“…A scoping literature review identified over 65 documented research projects aimed at developing new, complete RAMIS systems, yet only 15 managed to acquire some national clearance and only five achieved sales in more than one country (Fig. 1) [20], [21]. Table 1 includes a list of known, recognized RAMIS systems at the TRL 9+.…”

Assessment of the Versius Robotic Surgical System in Minimal Access Surgery: A Systematic Review

“…Ongoing innovations in robotic technology have led to new features such as the open-console design, haptic feedback, smaller instruments, greater ease of movement, low costs, greater flexibility of use, and separately mounted robotic arms [9,12,13,15,16]. Although the purpose of the modifications was to improve the existing technology, reports suggest that shifting from one model to another poses certain challenges for surgeons [17][18][19].…”

A Cylindrical Grip Type of Tactile Device Using Magneto-Responsive Materials Integrated with Surgical Robot Console: Design and Analysis

“…Additional sensory transmission is required to increase the success rate of surgery achieved from such a limited view. Even the most widely used da Vinci robot has not yet applied a haptic feedback system [ 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, if RMIS can deliver information on tactile sensation to the surgeon in real time during surgery, this problem will be solved to some extent.…”