A scoping review of interventions to improve oral health in prison settings

Booth, Joelle; O’Malley, Lucy; Meek, Rosie; Goldrick, Niall Mc; Maycock, Matthew; Clarkson, Jan E; Wanyonyi, Kristina

doi:10.1111/cdoe.12811

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…After that, regular dental examinations, with means to prevent and treat oral decay, are made accessible and free of cost when incarceration exceeds three months [13] Nonetheless, a recent Norwegian regional report highlighted the need to strengthen the preventative and health-promotive measures [12]. In light of this recent report and the international literature revealing a lack of interventions despite this population scoring disproportionally poorer on oral health measures [14], the Oral Health Centre of Expertise Rogaland (OHCER) developed an intervention that included motivational interviewing, with means to promote good oral health behaviors and thereby prevent oral diseases for people living in prisons.…”

Section: Original Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Oral Health in Prisons: Protocol for a randomized Controlled Trial (PriOH) (Preprint)

Bryne

2024

Preprint

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BACKGROUND People living in prisons often experience poor oral health, which could be attributed to their limited access to (dental) care, financial constraints, and a general lack of awareness and prioritization towards their oral hygiene. A pilot study involving motivational interviewing has shown promising results for improving the oral health outcomes of people living in prisons. OBJECTIVE The protocol for the current study aims to assess the efficacy of integrated motivational interviewing and oral health care packages in improving oral health among people living in prisons, compared to controls without added motivational interviewing. METHODS PriOH is a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded controlled trial that recruited inmates from four prisons in Rogaland County. The trial aimed to recruit 320 participants before randomly allocating them to either a control or intervention group. The intervention group received motivational interviewing, consisting of a 30-minute session encouraging inmates to discuss their current and desired oral health behaviours and attitudes, highlighting discrepancies to motivate change. Assessments were conducted at 4 and 12 weeks after initiation. The primary outcome measurement is the mucosal plaque scores to assess oral health behaviours, attitudes, and oral hygiene. Secondary outcome measurements are oral hygiene routines, sugary food and drinks intake, oral health perception and oral health-related quality of life. RESULTS Data collection started in November 2021 and ended in June 2023. A total of 327 participants were recruited, of which 126 received the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Integrating motivational interviewing in oral health programs at prisons can significantly improve the oral health of incarcerated individuals. Should the results from this study demonstrate efficacy, it could be valuable insight for policymakers, oral health practitioners, and correctional services in addressing the needs of a traditionally underserved group before being scaled up to enhance dental care practices in prisons. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05695443).

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Section: Original Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This might be attributed to the lower outcome measurements of oral health for inmates in prisons. Moreover, routine interventions in prison contexts are scarce [14], and there is a lack of focus on oral health promotion in prison research [24]. This calls for a change in how oral health is promoted for people living in prisons.…”

Section: Principal Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Oral Health in Prisons: Protocol for a randomized Controlled Trial (PriOH) (Preprint)

Bryne

2024

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, CYP in care are at risk of entering other vulnerable populations in adulthood such as those experiencing homelessness or those in contact with the criminal justice system. Both populations face further challenges to achieving good oral health [104,105].…”

Section: Unanswered Questions and Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of the Oral Health Status, Oral Health Behaviours and Interventions to Improve the Oral Health of Children and Young People in Care and Care Leavers

Booth,

Erwin,

Burns

et al. 2024

Dentistry Journal

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Background: Children and young people (CYP) in care experience poorer physical health and overall wellbeing in comparison to their peers. Despite this, relatively little is known about what their oral health needs and behaviours are. The aim of this scoping review was to provide a global perspective on the oral health status and behaviours of CYP in care and care leavers. It also aimed to synthesise interventions that have been trialled in this population to improve oral health. Methods: Five databases were searched, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), SocINDEX (EBSCOhost) and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source (EBSCOhost), alongside grey literature sources up to January 2023. Eligibility criteria were studies that (i) reported on children and adolescents aged 25 years or younger who are currently in formal/informal foster or residential care and care leavers, (ii) pertained to oral health profile, behaviours or oral health promotion interventions (iii) and were published in the English language. Thematic analysis was used to develop the domains for oral health behaviours and interventions. Results: Seventy-one papers were included. Most papers were published from very high or medium Human Development Index countries. CYP in care were found to experience high levels of decay, dental trauma, periodontal disease and poorer oral health-related quality of life. Oral health behaviours included limited oral health self-care behaviours and a lack of oral health-based knowledge. The trialled interventions involved oral health education, supervised brushing and treatment or preventative dental care. Conclusions: This scoping review reveals that CYP in care experience poorer oral health in comparison to their peers. They are also less likely to carry out oral health self-care behaviours. This review highlights a scarcity of interventions to improve the oral health of this population and a paucity of evidence surrounding the oral health needs of care leavers.

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“…Acknowledging the impact of health literacy, a deeper understanding of what makes health information understandable, accessible, and useful [6] for prisoners is needed. Few oral health-promoting interventions have been tailored to vulnerable groups such as prisoners [10,21,22], and there is a lack of knowledge of prisoners' oral health and health literacy. Therefore, this study explored prisoners' perceived oral and general health and how they accessed, understood and assessed health information to gain insight into their health literacy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prisoners’ perceived oral and general health and their experience with accessing, understanding and assessing health information: A qualitative study

Bergum,

Bull,

Stein

et al. 2024

European J Oral Sciences

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Prisoners’ oral health and general health are closely connected and generally poorer than that of the wider population. Moreover, knowledge of prisoners’ health literacy is scarce. This study aimed to explore prisoners’ perceived oral and general health and how they accessed, understood and assessed health information to gain insight into their health literacy. Twelve prisoners in a high‐security prison and a halfway house participated in individual semi‐structured interviews. Data was analysed through thematic analysis, which identified five themes: inconsistent self‐reporting of general and oral health; autonomous health behaviour through utilizing personal resources; preference for personalized adapted health information; psychological and physical proximity; and barriers. The prisoners perceived their oral and general health as good despite several health problems. They expressed scepticism towards health information from public authorities and made their own health‐related choices based on previous experiences, their own ‘common sense’ and the experiences of people they trusted. Health information was considered useful when adjusted to their needs. Obtaining health‐related information through physical encounters was considered more accessible than through online platforms. Adapting the communication to prisoners’ expressed needs and their health literacy can enhance the accessibility to improve their oral and general health. In‐person encounters would be preferable.

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A scoping review of interventions to improve oral health in prison settings

Abstract: A scoping review of interventions to improve oral health in prison settings. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology.

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Improving Oral Health in Prisons: Protocol for a randomized Controlled Trial (PriOH) (Preprint)

Improving Oral Health in Prisons: Protocol for a randomized Controlled Trial (PriOH) (Preprint)

A Scoping Review of the Oral Health Status, Oral Health Behaviours and Interventions to Improve the Oral Health of Children and Young People in Care and Care Leavers

Prisoners’ perceived oral and general health and their experience with accessing, understanding and assessing health information: A qualitative study

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