A Scoping Review of the Relationship Between Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Culture and Entrepreneurial Intention at Higher Educational Institutions

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study to highlight the role of entrepreneurial culture in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions at higher education institutions as study variables. This study could play a vital role in guiding students to choose entrepreneurship as a career by encouraging them.
 Methodology: A scoping review method was used to identify critical evidence in the reviewed relationships between the three above mentioned variables, which are: entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial culture, and entrepreneurial intention. By using the scoping review method, the authors analyzed articles from Scopus and Web of Science databases published from the year 2003 to 2019, in which 52 relevant articles out of 105 related published articles were identified using Mendeley software to filter these articles. 
 Main Findings: The results show that there was a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial culture, and entrepreneurial intention when the entrepreneurial culture was inculcated in entrepreneurship education activities at higher education institutions. This study shows that the most used theory is the Theory of Planned Behavior, in which most studies were done on the level of universities, and a significant volume of reviews have been carried out in developed countries.
 Application of This study: The cultivation of entrepreneurial competencies is heavily influenced by the prevailing culture, which is usually strengthened through education and directed by individual entrepreneurial intention along with the role of entrepreneurial culture. Hence, this could be useful for developing and economies in transition countries that might face high unemployment rates to focus on these variables in comparison to developed countries.
 Novelty: This study highlights and further proposes the mediation role of entrepreneurial culture in entrepreneurship education - entrepreneurial intention relationship based on the outcomes of the scoping review. Indeed, this relationship was just mentioned by words and not validated or measured comprehensively by the scholars. Hence, there is a chance for further studies in this body of knowledge.

Promoting entrepreneurship based on university students' perceptions of entrepreneurial attitude, university environment, entrepreneurial culture and entrepreneurial training

“…Other authors have also emphasised the role of culture and its influence on the attitude towards entrepreneurship (Puriwat and Tripopsakul, 2015;Fritsch and Wyrwich, 2017;Al-Lawati et al, 2020). Hayton and Cacciotti (2013) examined the effect of culture on entrepreneurship and found a significant influence on both entrepreneurs and nonentrepreneurs.…”